Introduction to Biology

Molecules & Cells
 
     
 

INDEX OF TERMS

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A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
 

A
Abiogenesis - Defined
Acids 
Actin 
Activation Energy 
Active Sites 
Active Transport
Adenine 
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) - Introduced 
ATP & Photosynthesis 
Addition Mutation 
Aerobic Respiration 
Alarmones 
Alleles - Blended, Intermediate, Codominant
Alleles - Dominant & Recessive 
Alleles - Introduction
Amber 
Amino Acids 
Ammonia
Anaerobic Respiration
Analogous Features 
Anaphase 
Animalia 
Antibodies 
Anticodons 
Antigens 
Anti-Oxidants 
Apoptosis 
Archaea 
Artifacts 
Asexual Reproduction 
 Atomic Mass / Weight 
 Atomic Nucleus  
Atomic Number 
Atoms 
ATP - see Adenosine Triphosphate
Autoimmune Disease 
Autosomes
Autotrophs 

B
Bacteria / Prokaryote Cells
Barr Body 
Bases 
Binomial Nomenclature 
Bipolar Molecules / Water 
Blended Alleles 
Blinds, Experimental 
Bonds, Covalent 
Bonds, Hydrogen 
Bonds, Ionic
Bonds, Molecular - Types
Bonds, Multiple 
Bottleneck Effect

C
Calories 
Cambrian Explosion 
Catalysts (Enzymes)
Carbohydrates 
Carbon Dating 
Carbon Dioxide in Photosynthesis - Process 
Carotenoids 
Carriers in Cell Membranes 
Cell Cycle 
Cell Equator 
Cell Membranes - Structure 
Cell Plate 
Cell Poles 
Cells - Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes 
Cells - Size Limits 
Cell Theory 
Cellulose (Carbohydrate)
Cell Walls - Introduction 
Cell Walls - Components from Photosynthesis 
Central Vacuoles 
Centrioles 
Centromeres  
Centromeres in Mitosis 
Channels in Cell Membranes 
Chaperonins 
Chemical Reactions 
Chemistry - and Electrons 
Chemosynthesis - Introduction   
Chemosynthesis - Hydrothermal Vents
Chlorophyll 
Chloroplasts as Site of Photosynthesis  Intro 
Chromatids 
Chromatin, Introduction 
Chromatin in Mitosis 
Chromosomes, Eukaryote 
Chromosome Number 
Chromosomes, Sex 
Chromosome Structure, Introduction 
Chromosomes, Homologous Pairs, Introduction
Chromosomes, Prokaryote 
Cilia 
Class 
Classification - Disputes
Classification - Levels
Codominant Alleles 
Codons - Introduction 
Codons: Start, Stop, Amino Acids
Codons & Transcription 
Coenzymes
Cofactors
Colonial Organisms 
Community 
Compound Microscopes 
Compounds 
Conclusions 
Confounding Factors 
Conservation Law 
Consumers 
Contractile Vacuoles
Contributors (Reaction)
Controls, Experimental
Covalent Bonds 
Convergent Evolution 
Coupled Reactions 
Crossing Over 
Cytokinesis 
Cytoplasm 
Cytosine 
Cytoskeleton 

D
Decomposers 
Dehydration Synthesis
Deletion Mutation
Denaturation   
DNA - Internal Structure 
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) - Introduction
DNA - Noncoding
DNA - Proofreading 
DNA Repair 
DNA - Transcription 
Development & Reproduction 
Differentiation 
Diffusion 
Digestion: Hydrolysis
Diploid 
Diseases & Extinction 
Dissolve 
Divergent Evolution 
Dominant Alleles 
Double Blind Tests 
Double Bonds 
Down Syndrome 

E
E = mc2 
Ecosystem 
Egg Cells vs Sperm 
Electron Microscopes 
Electrons 
Electron Transport Chain (Respiration)
Elements 
Embedding Specimens 
Embryo Homology 
Embryo - Definition 
Endergonic 
Endocytosis 
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Endosymbiosis Theory 
Endosymbiosis Theory - Early Eukaryotes
Energy in Food Chains 
Entropy - 2nd Law of Thermodynamics 
Enzymes - How they work 
Enzyme Inhibition 
Enzymes - Introduction
Enzymes - pH Effects
Enzymes - Temperature Effects
Escape Mutants 
Eukaryotes vs Prokaryotes
Evaporation 
Evolution, Convergent 
Evolution, Divergent 
Evolution & Genetics 
Evolution - as Life Process 
Evolution by Natural Selection - Introduction 
Exergonic 
Exocytosis 
Experiments 
Extinction Events 

F
Family 
Fatty Acids 
Fertilization 
Field Tests 
Flagella 
Fluid Mosaic Model of Cell Membranes 
Food Chains
Food Vacuoles
Fossils 
Founder Effect
Frame Shift Mutations 
Frequency
Fungi 
Fossils - and Evolution as an Idea 
Fusion 

G
Gender 
Gender Determination 
Genes - Introduction 
Genes - Linkage
Genetic Systems 
Genome 
Genus 
Glucose - Introduction 
Glucose in Photosynthesis - Chemical Reaction
Glucose in Plants - Uses
Glycerol 
Glycolysis 
Golgi Bodies / Apparatus / Complex 
Growth & Reproduction 
Guanine 

H
Haeckel, Ernst 
Half-Life  (Radioactive) 
Haploid 
Hardy-Weinberg Rules
Heat 
Heterotroph Hypothesis
Histones 
Homologous Chromosomes
Homology 
Homologies used in Classification
HONC 
Hooke, Robert 
Hormones 
HOX Genes
Hydration Shell 
Hydrogen Bonds 
Hydrogen Ions and pH
Hydrolysis 
Hydrophilic - Intro 
Hydrophobic - Intro 
Hydrophobic & Lipids 
Hydrothermal Vents - Introduction 
Hydrothermal Vents - Chemosynthesis
Hydroxide and pH 
Hypothesis 

I
Ice Formation 
Inhibition, Enzyme
Intermediate Inheritance 
Interphase 
Interpreting Experimental Results 
Investigator Bias 
Ionic Bonds 
Ions 
Isolation Types
Isotopes 

J
 

K
Karyotype 
Kingdom 
Kingdoms:  Modern 6-Kingdom System 
Krebs Cycle

L
Leeuwenhoek, Antony van 
Life, Origins of
 Life on Land

Life - Defining Traits 

Ligands 
Light-Dependent Reaction of Photosynthesis 
Light - as Energy Source 
Light-Independent Reaction of Photosynthesis
Light Microscopes
Light - Wavelength & Frequency 
Linkage
Linnaeus, Carolus 
Lipids 
Lysosome

M
Malpighi, Marcello 
Markers on Cell Membranes 
Mass Extinctions 
Meiosis 
Membranes, Cell 
Messenger RNA 
Metabolic Pathways 
Metabolism 
Metabolism & Energy 
Metaphase 
Microfilaments 
Microscopes 
Microscopes, Compound 
Microscopes, Electron
Microscopes, Light 
Microscopes, Simple 
Microtubules 
Microvilli 
Mitochondrion 
Mitosis 
Models, Experimental 
Molecular Clock 
Molecular Formulas 
Molecules & Bonds 
Molecules - Definition 
Molecules - Homology 
Monera 
Mosaicism 
Multicellular 
Multiple Bonds 
Mutant, Escape 
Mutation, Extra Chromosomes / Sets 
Mutation, Large Scale 
Mutation, Point   Details
Mutations, Types 
Myosin 

N
Natural Selection & Evolution 
Neodarwinism   
Neurotransmitters 
Neutron 
Nitrate - as Plant Nutrient
Nitrogenous Wastes
Nuclear Envelope 
Nucleic Acids - Introduction 
Nucleolus 
Nucleus, Atomic 
Nucleus, Cell 
Null Hypothesis

O
Observations 
"Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny"
Optimal pH, Temperature
Orbitals, Atomic 
Orbits, Atomic 
Order 
Organelles
Organ
Organic Molecules - Defined 
Organic Molecules - Types 
Organisms 
Osmosis 
Oxidation Reactions 
Oxygen Debt
Oxygen in Photosynthesis - Process

P
Panspermia
Passive Transport
Pathways 
Peer Review
Periodic Table 
Permeability Types 
Peroxisome
pH 
pH and Enzymes
Pheromones 
Phosphate - as Plant Nutrient 
Phospholipids 
Photosynthesis & Aerobic Respiration:  Comparisons 
Photosynthesis - Introduced  
Photosynthesis - Chemical Reaction 
Photosynthesis - in Chloroplasts  Intro
Photosynthesis & Light  
Photosynthesis - Steps 
Phylum 
Placebo Effect 
Plantae 
Plants - Nutrient Needs 
Plants - Photosynthesis 
Plant Pigments 
Plant Problem
Plants - Nutritional Needs
Plasmids 
Polar Body 
Polar Molecules 
Polymers:  Defined 
Population 
Pores in Cell Membranes 
Position Effects 
Postmodernism 
Primary Protein Structure 
 Primordial Soup  Primordial Soup 
Prions 
Producers 
Products (Reaction)
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes 
Proofreading DNA
Proteins 
Proteins - Functions
Proteins - Structural Levels 
Protista 
Proton 
Proving / Disproving
Pseudopod 
Publication

Q
Qualitative Data 
Quantitative Data 
Quaternary Protein Structure

R
Radiation, Nuclear 
Radicals 
Radioactivity   
Reactants
Reactions, Chemical
Receptors 
Receptors in Cell Membranes 
Recessive Alleles
Redi, Francesco 
Reduction Reactions 
Redundancy & Codons 
Redundancy & Crossing Over 
Regulatory Site 
Reproducibility, Experimental 
Reproduction - Asexual - Defined 
Reproduction - Sexual - Defined 
Reradiation
Respiration, Aerobic, and Mitochondrion
Respiration - Introduced 
Resolution (Microscopes) 
Results, Experimental
Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) - Introduction
RNA, Messenger 
RNA, Transfer 
RNA World
Ribosome Function 
Ribosome, Introduction
Ribozymes
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

S
Saturated 
Scanning Microscopes 
Schleiden, Matthias 
Schwann, Theodor
Scientific Method 
Scientific Method - Basic Features
Secondary Protein Structure 
Secretions 
Sectioning
Sedimentary Rock 
Sex Chromosomes 
Sex-Linked Disorders
Sexual Reproduction - Defined
Sexual Selection
Shells, Electron 
Simple Microscopes
Single Blind Tests 
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum 
Snowball Period 
Solutions 
Species - Defining 
Species, Names, Rules 
Specificity 
Sperm vs Egg Cells 
Spindle 
Spontaneous Generation
Staining 
Starches - Digestibility 
Starch - Introduction
Starch - as Plant Component - from Photosynthesis 
Statistics & Experimental Results 
Steroids 
Subgroups 
Substitution Mutation
Substrates (Reaction) 
Sucrose 
Sugars 
Supergroups
Surface Tension 

T
Taxonomy 
Taxonomic Groups 
Tectonic Plates 
Telomerase 
Telomeres 
Telophase 
Temperature & Enzymes
Tertiary Protein Structure 
Thermodynamics Laws 
Thymine 
Tissues
Transcription, DNA 
Transfer RNA
Translation, DNA 
Translocation 
Transmission Microscopes 
Triple Bonds 

U
Unicellular 
Unsaturated 
Uracil 
Urea
Uric Acid

V
Vacuoles 
Vesicles 
Viruses 
Vitamins

W
Water - Bipolar
Water - Evaporation   
Water - Freezing 
Water - Liquid Range 
Water - pH 
Water in Photosynthesis - Process 
Water - Properties 
Water - as Solvent 
Water - Surface Tension 
Wavelength

X
 

Y
 

Z
Zygote 
 
     

 

Introduction to Biology - Molecules & Cells.

Copyright 2009 - 2012, Michael McDarby.

Reproduction and/or dissemination without permission is prohibited.