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BI 171 - First Exam - 2010
Links connect to relevant
parts of the online book.
Multiple Choice.
Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the
left.
Two Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.
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1. If fossil layers in any fossil bed are
oriented as they originally were, the top fossil
organisms
a. Are related to the lower ones b. Died more recently than lower ones
c. Died longer ago than the lower ones
d. Are forms that still exist
e. Feel really superior, ‘cause they're on top.
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2. Which of these is a hypothesis?
a. The dog looks bigger now than it did earlier
b. The dog does not like me
c. The dog is growling
d. The dog has very white teeth
e. Why am I still standing here??
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3. The most common form of peer review
could also be called
a. Editorial review
b. Design critique
c. Process supervision
d. Preapproval
e. Isn't that one of those reality dating shows?
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4. Which once-accepted concept has been largely
discredited, shown to be wrong?
a. Viruses are bacteria b. Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny c. Placebo effect
d. Triple-blind testing
e. Biology is fun
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5. A typical lab microscope, where the specimen
is imaged against a white background, is a
a. Transmission light microscope
b. Scanning light microscope
c. Transmission electron microscope
d. Scanning electron microscope
e. Very annoying device to work
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6. If Alfred Russel Wallace had not
existed, Charles Darwin
a. Would have never come up with his Natural Selection theory
b. Might never have published his Natural Selection theory
c. Would have left out what became key details of his Natural Selection theory
d. Would never have made the trip that led to his Natural Selection theory
e. Would only be remembered for his wacky practical jokes
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7. Which two processes are strongly affected by
genetic redundancy?
a. Metabolic pathways and embryo development
b. Crossing over and point mutations
c. Extra chromosomes and cell division
d. Genome determination and replication
e. Making silly jokes and sticking them onto exam questions
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8. Which best describes the purpose of
control tests?
a. To remove the variable and get the same results
b. To figure out how factors beyond the variable affect results
c. To repeat the procedures several times
d. To always produce clear results
e. This is too much of a lose control test to be sure
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9. The current way to determine species is based
on -
a. Behavior in nature
b. Ability to make offspring
c. Description
d. If offspring can make offspring
e. Poking it with a sharp stick
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10. Pretty much all of the DNA sequence of a species
representative is its
a. Mass sequence b. Combinatorium c. Genome d. Mutation inventory
e. Future ID card
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11. Carrying capacity always acts as a limiting
factor, or brake, on
a. Fitness b. Population growth c. Evolution d. Adaptation
e. I know, I know! ...How much can be carried, right -?
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12. Which basically says, "Your idea is wrong"?
a. Non-predictive b. False result c. Null hypothesis d. Negative analogy
e. Annoying voices in your head
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13. An organism's growth and development is
directed at its ability to
a. Photosynthesize
b. Eat
c. Move
d. Reproduce
e. Sell cool clothes on tv
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14. Artificial selection would work in the
development of
a. Mating partners
b. Dairy cows
c. Computer simulations
d. Extinct forms
e. Survivor contestants
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15. Which comes closest to being the same as a
microscope's resolution?
a. Imaging system
b. Maximum magnification
c. Ease of use
d. Focusing capability
e. Microscopes make promises on New Year's Eve-?
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16. In a colony of single-celled organisms,
a. The cells all look and act the same b. At least 2 different species are always present
c. It becomes one huge cell d. Cells specialize on different jobs
e. They often declare independence and carry tiny new flags
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17. The roles available to organisms in
ecosystems are know as
a. Slots
b. Species
c. Niches
d. Clades
e. Employment opportunities
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18. Which actually starts as
quantitative data?
a. How many flies have crooked wings?
b. How bad is the headache?
c. How fast is the stream flowing?
d. How hairy are the mice?
e. How crazy is this driving me?
Short Answer.
Pick NINE questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than nine, only the first nine will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.
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1. What two
different other rates have the most effect on
evolutionary rates? |
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| 2. What are two
areas of genetics that evo-devo is particularly interested
in? |
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3. Briefly
explain the most widely-accepted idea for why cells tend to be small.
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4. Put the following groups in order from the
largest to the smallest: Class, Family, Genus, Kingdom, Order,
Phylum, Species, Subclass, Superorder. |
| 1 |
4 |
7 |
| 2 |
5 |
8 |
| 3 |
6 |
9 |
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5. For
each, give a disadvantage - |
LOW
CHROMOSOME
NUMBER |
HIGH
CHROMOSOME
NUMBER |
6. Define
confounding factors without using the words "confound" or
"factor."
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7. In
science, what is reductionism?
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8. LaMarck
had an idea, other than about passing on acquired
characteristics, that still affects attitudes toward evolution
today. What was it?
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9. Put in
the other strand for this DNA sequence - |
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T C C
G A T C A T
C G C A A T
Bonus - How many codons should this be?
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10. In an experiment, what is an artifact?
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11. Give one way
that an electron microscope is _________ compared to a light
microscope: |
| BETTER? |
NOT AS
GOOD?
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12a. Explain
how molecular clocks are uniformitarian -
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12b. Briefly explain why they
have to be.
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13. Why do
some specimens have to be sectioned? What is the purpose?
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14. Give two features of viruses that
cause some biologists to consider them not living. |
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15. Define
sexual selection.
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Long Answer.
Select and answer completely any four of the following
questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Seven Points Each. Partial credit is possible.
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1. Define the classification-related terms: |
| Analogous - |
Homologous - |
Ancestral
Feature -
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Derived
Feature -
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| Systematics - |
Cladistics - |
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2. For the four experimental "systems" listed below, give a critical
discovery in genetics history that was made using them. |
PEA
PLANTS |
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DROSOPHILA
FRUIT FLIES |
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NEUROSPORA
MOLD |
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BACTERIOPHAGE
VIRUSES |
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3. Give
four rules from the classic Cell Theory. |
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4. Answer
for asexual reproduction: |
BASIC
DEFINITION
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ADVANTAGE
Compared to Sexual |
EVOLUTIONARY
STRATEGY
To Overcome Disadvantage |
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5. Name four of the Six "Basic"
Kingdoms, and for each list enough traits to make it clearly
different from the other five. |
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6. What are four basic features that all
living things are supposed to have? |
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7. Give the
steps that, according to the Theory of Evolution by Natural
Selection, should happen between the steps given. |
The environment
around a population changes
The new population is different enough to be considered a new species.
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8. For alternation of generations - |
DEFINE -
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TWO ORGANISM "LIFESTYLE TYPES" THAT
HAVE LED TO THIS PATTERN |
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Link to Answer Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on
the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.
Why is it particularly difficult to develop drugs that will affect viruses?
Three Points.
In general (not just in science), what was the concept of postmodernism about?
Three Points.
What's the "extra" level in a triple-blind test? Three Points.
What error made people think that aluminum pots might be linked to Alzheimer's
disease? Three Points.
How is a Law in physics generally different from a Law in biology? Three Points.
Linnaeus came up with terms for what non-classification-related organisms? Three
Points.
Why did Gregor Mendel wind up doing his work with pea plants? Three Points.
Other than for research, why did Darwin probably spend so much time ashore? Three
Points each.
How can an species reduce its potential for evolutionary change? Three Points.
Which major group typically reproduces sexually, but has no genders? Three
Points.
For Three Points Each, give reasons why Rosalind Franklin probably did not
receive a Nobel Prize for the discoveries she contributed to.
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