BI 171 - Second Exam - 2003

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Multiple Choice.

Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the left.
Two Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.

_______ 1. Which have a major use as a place to store energy?

                        a. DNA and enzymes                         b. Lipids and proteins
                        c. Starches and lipids                        d. DNA and RNA
                                                    e. Oil tanks and sewer gas

_______ 2. A polyunsaturated lipid would contain

                        a. Double bonds                 b. Sugars                 c. Amino groups
                        d. Sulfur                                         e. Fewer parrots

                3. Which are effective insulators?

                        a. Proteins and carbohydrates                 b. Sugars and starches
                        c. Lipids and water                                d. Lipids and proteins
                                    e. Whatever can properly be described as "snuggly"

_______ 4. Which situation is associated with hydration shells?

                        a. Water picked up by paper towels             b. Sugar dissolved in water
                            c. Water strider sitting on surface tension     d. Ice floating in a glass
                                            e. The latest craze in recreational clothing

_______ 5. When sugars form polymers, the bonds differ

                        a. Only in number                                b. According to the use of the starch
                        c. Depending upon the organism         d. According to the use of the lipid
                                                            e. If the sugars are drunk enough

_______ 6. What two functions would the earliest "living" molecules have?

                       a. Respiration and digestion                           b. Reproduction and respiration
                            c. Respiration and waste production            d. Reproduction and evolution
                                        e. Slimyness and names that can’t be pronounced

_______ 7. Which term is most closely associated with isotopes?

                        a. Bonding                     b. Nuclear stability                     c. Chemical stability
                        d. Polarity                                                 e. Springfield

_______ 8. A pH 4 solution is a ______________ than a pH 5 solution.

                        a. Two times stronger base                         b. Ten times stronger base
                             c. Two times stronger acid                          d. Ten times stronger acid
                                                                e. Different number

_______ 9. Which would have glycerol as a component?

                        a. Lipid                     b. Protein                     c. Nucleic acid
                        d. Carbohydrate                 e. Something glycereally special

                10. What basic feature is based on carbohydrates in some organisms and 
                                    proteins in others?

                        a. Movement                 b. Respiration                 c. Energy usage  
                        d. Structure                                     e. Personality

_______ 11. The basic "string" inside an amino acid involves

                        a. Two Carbons and a Nitrogen                   b. Three Carbons
                        c. A Carbon - Oxygen Ring                         d. Rings and phosphate groups
                                                e. Nothing that could really be called "string"

_______ 12. Which environment is not considered a possible site for the origins of Life?

                        a. Hydrothermal vents             b. Mud flats             c. Atmosphere
                        d. Ocean surface                             e. Christina Aquilera

_______ 13. Proteins may be properly strung together in the laboratory, but the final molecules
                                        may not work properly due to a lack of

                        a. Oxygen                         b. Enzymes                         c. Energy
                        d. Chaperonins                                         e. Interest

_______ 14. Respiration processes produce what to act as fuel?

                        a. Sugar                         b. Oxygen                         c. ATP
                             d. Starch                                 e. Gee, I thought I knew this one...

_______ 15. All of the iguanas of the Galapagos Islands most likely evolved from a small group 
                                        that arrived there a few million years ago, working with the alleles of that 
                                        limited group. This is an example of

                        a. Colony organization                         b. Founder effect
                        c. Bottleneck effect                             d. Fragmentation
                                e. The stories that lizard grandfathers tell the hatchlings

_______ 16. Which reason explains why ionic bonds are rare in biological systems?

                       a. They separate in water
                            b. They are too powerful to give organic molecules the ability to shift form
                            c. The atoms involved are too rare
                            d. Their mere presence has a drastic effect on pH.
                            e. They’ve never been that popular with the key cliques

                17. A spiral, helix structure can be an important molecular arrangement in

                          a. Lipids and starches                         b. Proteins and starches
                                c. Nucleic Acids and lipids                 d. Proteins and nucleic acids
                                                                            e. Staircases

                 18. Lactose intolerance comes from a lack of lactase for digestion - the person lacks

                        a. Hydrolysis sugars                             b. Hydrolysis enzymes
                            c. Dehydration synthesis sugars             d. Dehydration synthesis enzymes
                            e. The good sense to keep quiet about it and prevent questions like this

Short Answer. 

Pick NINE questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than nine, only the first nine will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.

Long Answer. 

Select and answer completely any four of the following questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Seven Points Each. Partial credit is possible.

7. Given here is one side (strand) of DNA. Starting with this strand, show:

BONUS QUESTIONS. 

Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.

Briefly explain why the "snowball" period would have greatly increased competition, leading to rapid evolution. Four Points.

Photosynthesis might have originated as a combination of which two simpler systems? Three Points each.

Give two different vitamins that function in systems that deal with free radicals, for Two Points each.

What’s happening in atoms along the "bridges" of the Periodic Table? Four Points.

What is a molecular prosthetic group? Four Points.

What happens to sugar molecules that may create aging effects? Four Points.

What cultural feature is common in ethnic groups that tend to be lactose intolerant? Four Points.

Give an example of a function of "Junk DNA." Four Points.