|
BI 171 - Second Exam - 2007
Links connect to relevant
parts of the online book.
Multiple Choice.
Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the
left.
Two Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.
_______
1. Which seems to be the most important for establishing
stability in an atomic nucleus?
a. Water
b. Protons
c. Electrons
d. Neutrons
e. Atomic meds
_______
2. Which are part of the molecular structure of a
chromosome?
a. Histones & nucleosomes
b. Secondary & tertiary
c. Lipids & phosphates
d. Starches & phosphates
e. The chrome part and the some part
_______
3. Hydrolysis should be a common process in
a. Receptor bonding
b. Digestion
c. Starch production
d. Dissolving materials
e. Heads exploding
_______
4. On a molecular level, respiration is a process that
always directly involves
a. Oxygen
b. DNA
c. Energy transfer
d. Light
e. Really tiny lungs
_______
5. A part of a protein with a particular function:
a. Domain
b. Secondary structure
c. Chirality
d. Quaternary structure
e. Protypart
_______
6. An "R" group
a. Determines how nucleotides connect
b. Makes one amino acid different from another
c. Is what makes DNA different from RNA
d. Is the central connector in a lipid
e. Makes a little growly noise when you say it
_______
7. Which would be found in an unsaturated hydrocarbon
but not a saturated one?
a. Water
b. Oxygen
c. Sulfur d.
Double bond
e. Annoying personality
_______
8. A low chromosome number, compared to a high one,
produces
a. Greater variety but more errors in cell production
b. More alleles but less expression
c. More expression but fewer alleles
d. Less variety but fewer errors in cell production
e. More purchases of loud machinery
_______
9. Which are most commonly used for energy?
a. Proteins & nucleic acids
b. Carbohydrates & proteins
c. Lipids & proteins
d. Carbohydrates & lipids
e. A little jolt of electricity in the backside
_______
10. Panspermia is an explanation about
a. The origins of Life on Earth
b. Reproductive processes
c. How atoms share electrons
d. How receptors attach to ligands
e. Kitchen utensils in situations I don't want to think about
_______
11. Which gets most of its variety of functions from
conformation?
a. Carbohydrates
b. Lipids
c. Proteins d.
Nucleic acids
e. Pizza rolls
_______
12. In a gene, the code ratio of nucleotide to amino
acid in the coded protein is
a. 3 nucleotides to 1 amino acid
b. 3 amino acids to 1 nucleotide
c. 3 alleles to 1 protein
d. 3 proteins to 1 allele
e. Something only the government should know
_______
13. Secondary protein structure is produced mostly by
a. Hydrogen bonds
b. Prosthetic groups
c. Function
d. Bond angles
e. Not being quite the best
_______
14. Water is most dense at what Celsius temperature?
a. 0o
b. 4o
c. 100o
d. -32o
e. 4, 8, 15, 16, 23, 42
_______
15. The very first "living" systems of molecules had to
a. Be able to evolve
b. Use DNA coding
c. Use a protein-based chemistry
d. Have cells
e. Be very very cute little guys
_______
16. Which statement is true?
a. Genes make up DNA and are made up of chromosomes
b. Chromosomes are made of DNA and carry genes
c. DNA is made up of genes and chromosomes
d. Genes carry chromosomes and make up DNA
e. So now we have to understand English-?
_______
17. A solution of pH 2, compared to a solution of pH4,
should be
a. Twice as acidic
b. Twice as basic
c. 100 times as acidic
d. 100 times as basic
e. Um, another solution-?
_______
18. Hormones are commonly
a. Carbohydrates and lipids
b. Lipids and proteins
c. Proteins and nucleic acids
d. Lipids and nucleic acids
e. Very distracting
Short Answer.
Pick NINE questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than nine, only the first nine will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.
|
1. What are two
reasons why RNAs are considered the likeliest candidate for the first
"living" molecules? |
|
|
|
2. What is
the function of chaperonins?
|
|
3. Which
two bond types are most important to holding biological molecules
together? |
|
|
|
|
4. Ignore
the specifics - label with the general terms applied to any chemical
reaction - |
CO2 +
H2O
light >
C6H12O6
+ O2
---------------
---------------
-----------------
----------------
-----------------
|
|
5. What
particular secondary environmental change is probably the most common
leading into extinction events?
|
6. Why does
polarity exist in some molecules? Explain, don't define!
|
|
7. What are
two features of prokaryote chromosomes that's different from eukaryotes? |
|
|
|
|
8. The first scientific hypotheses
about the origins of Life thought photosynthesis had to be the first
step. Why?
|
What concept contradicted that assumption?
|
|
9. What are
the two main circumstances where carriers or transporters are needed? |
|
|
|
10. What is
a hydration shell?
|
11. What
sort of cellular epigenetic factor might exist in a human?
|
|
12. Name
two different types of common organic molecules that are polymers. |
|
|
|
|
13. What are two non-"HONC" elements commonly
found in biological molecules? |
|
|
|
14. What is
it about an atomic radical that makes it particularly reactive?
|
|
15. What are the
two typical molecular components of a lipid molecule? |
|
|
|
Long Answer.
Select and answer completely any four of the following
questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Seven Points Each. Partial credit is possible.
|
6.94
Li
Lithium
3
Column 1 |
1a. How
many
protons? |
1b. How
many
neutrons? |
1c. How
many
electrons?
(Radical form) |
1d. Typical
ion
form?
|
|
2. For
three different types of isolation, give the type and briefly describe
how it works |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3. Briefly
describe three different types of functions
found in proteins that depend upon
stereospecificity.
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. Put these in chronological order, according to the way current
theories think they occurred - number from 1 (earliest) to 9 (latest). |
Cambrian
_____ Explosion |
Aerobic
_____ Respiration |
Photosynthesis
_____
|
Molecular
_____ Evolution |
Primordial
_____ Soup |
Life on
_____ Land |
Eukaryotes
_____
|
Multicellular
_____ Life |
Protocells
_____ (First Membranes) |
5. Using
the numbers of bonds as a guide, fill in the symbols for either Carbon,
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, or Oxygen.
These were boxes connected with bond lines - the
symbols needed to be put into the boxes.
BONUS - Three Points - What specific type of molecule
is this? ________________ |
|
6. For four functional organic molecule groups,
give the name, then show the arrangement of atoms in enough detail to
demonstrate completely how each group works. |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
7. Given
here is one side (strand) of DNA. Starting with this strand, show: |
Starting
____________________________________________________________________
Strand
G G T A A T
G C C T A T C T C
A A T T G C
Other DNA ____
_______________________________________________________
Strand
Messenger RNA
____________________________________________________________
from 1st strand
How many codons are on the starting strand? ___________ |
Link to Answer Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on
the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.
What is the connection between epigenetic factors and Lamarck? Three Points.
What concept in evolutionary theory has at least partly replaced competition as
a major contributor to evolution? Three Points.
What fossil discovery led to the development of the "snowball Earth" hypothesis?
Three Points.
What organisms were the "dominant" form during the largest extinction event?
Three Points.
Briefly explain why the Periodic Table has "bridges" in it. Three Points.
Why exactly can the pH of the environment have a strong effect on biological
molecules? Three Points.
Why do plants produce less-stable starches? Three Points.
What is an antigen? Three Points.
What sorts of functions or origins have been found for non-coding DNA? Three
Points each.
How does giving antibiotics to people that don't need them lead to
antibiotic-resistant strains of disease bacteria? Four Points.
|