| |
BI 171 - Second Exam - 2008
Links connect to relevant
parts of the online book.
Multiple Choice.
Place the letter of the choice that best answers
the question on the line to the left.
Two Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.
_______
1. Which are polymers?
a. Sugar and starch
b. Sugar and lipid
c. Lipid and protein
d. Protein and starch
e. Polly what-nows-?
_______
2. Crossing the gap between nerve cells
requires which proteins?
a. Enzymes and antibodies
b. Neurotransmitters and receptors
c. Antibodies and antigens
d. Antigens and receptors
e. Logs and frogs
_______
3. The instability of radicals comes
from what part of the atoms?
a. Protons
b. Neutrons
c. Inner electrons
d. Outer electrons
e. Their family situations
_______
4. An R group is found in
a. Lipid molecules
b. Sugar molecules
c. Amino acids
d. RNA
e. Pirate molecules
_______
5. Activators, enhancers, and promoters are
functional parts of
a. Enzyme pathways
b. Gene transcription
c. Gene translation
d. Evolutionary change
e. A Broadway touring company
_______
6. At a pH of 7,
a. H+ ions are about equal to OH- ions
b. H+ ions outnumber OH- ions
c. OH- ions outnumber H+ ions
d. There are no ions
e. Is there any way I can request a different question...?
_______
7. Which is true?
a. Genes contain chromosomes which contain DNA
b. DNA contain genes which contain chromosomes
c. Chromosomes contain genes which contain DNA
d. Genes contain DNA which contains chromosomes
e. I knew I should have taken that basket-weaving class
_______
8. Panspermia is a concept that applies to the
a. Reproduction of plants
b. Reproduction of animals
c. Expression of DNA
d. Beginnings of Life on Earth
e. Worst restaurant idea ever conceived
_______
9. What would an unsaturated molecule have that a saturated
one won't have?
a. Double bond
b. Hydrogen bond
c. Water
d. Ions
e. Saturation, right-? Or, not saturation...
_______
10. Digestion of food will always involve
a. Acid-base reactions
b. Hydrolysis
c. ATP input
d. Dehydration synthesis
e. Production of embarrassing gasses
_______
11. Which tends to come apart in water?
a. Ionic bonds
b. Hydrogen Bonds
c. Hydrophobic bonds
d. Acidic bonds
e. Someone who has just had their hair done
_______
12. Histones are associated with
a. Protein synthesis
b. Starch breakdown
c. Enzyme function
d. Chromosome structure
e. A big pile of rocks (or rocks with a drug problem)
_______
13. Covalent bonds involve
a. Proton interactions
b. Electron sharing
c. Whole charge attractions
d. Partial charge attractions
e. Stuff I didn't learn
_______
14. Which would definitely be a protein?
a. Telomerase
b. Glycogen
c. Testosterone
d. Galactose
e. The one with the protein license
_______
15. The part of a protein that does some special function:
a. Functional group
b. Domain
c. Zone
d. Locale
e. Specialty spot
_______
16. Two molecules with different conformations would have
a. The same number of carbons, but differences in numbers of other atoms
b. The same atoms, and all bound to the same atoms, different 3 dimensionally
c. The same atoms, but bound to different atoms
d. Different distributions of charges
e. Probably have been raised Catholic-?
_______
17. Telomeres
a. Attach to spindle fibers
b. Are where a gene inventory can be found
c. Are made of RNA
d. Cap the ends of chromosomes
e. Are very nice little biological terms
_______
18. Transfer RNA
a. Carries amino acids
b. Moves from the nucleus to the ribosomes
c. Moves from ribosomes to the nucleus
d. Connects chromosomes together
e. Helps you move credits to another college
Short Answer.
Pick NINE questions to answer in the spaces
provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than nine, only the first nine will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.
|
1. What are the
two distinct types of temporal isolation? |
| |
|
|
2. The
three simplest hydrocarbons, according to their numbers of
Carbons: |
| 1 |
2 |
3 |
|
3. What single effect
(other than extinction itself) has probably occurred in every
major mass extinction event? |
| |
|
4. What is a hydration
shell? |
| |
|
5. Give two
pairs of differences between |
|
PROKARYOTE CHROMOSOMES |
EUKARYOTE CHROMOSOMES |
| |
|
| |
|
|
6. What two
elements, beside Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, and Oxygen, are
common in biological molecules? |
| |
|
|
7. What is a bottleneck
effect? |
| |
|
8. What would the
stereospecificity of an enzyme determine? |
| |
|
9. Plants produce
starches for different reasons. Connect each reason to the
stability of the bonds. |
VERY
STABLE
BOND -
|
LESS
STABLE
BOND - |
|
10. Give two
organic functional groups by name, and then show their
molecular arrangement. |
|
|
|
|
|
11. Exactly what sort of bad
thing would happen without chaperonins? |
| |
|
12. What are two
features the first "living" molecular systems had
to have? |
| |
|
|
13. What are two
features that would not have been there early, but which
had to appear in "living systems" for them to be Life as
we know it? |
| |
|
|
14. Ignore the specifics (don't
name the molecules) - label with the general terms applied to
any chemical reaction - |
|
CO2
+ H2O
light
>
C6H12O6
+ O2
---------------
---------------
-----------------
----------------
-----------------
|
|
15. Explain how genetic
redundancy works in transcription. |
| |
Long Answer.
Select and answer completely any four of the
following questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Seven Points Each. Partial credit is possible.
|
1. Name and give a
description of the four levels of protein structure. |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
2. Using the numbers of bonds as a guide, fill in the
symbols for either Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, or Oxygen.
NOT REALLY REPRODUCIBLE HERE.
|
|
3, Name or describe
four things that happen in Nature that are critically important to
evolution, according to four different provisions of Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. |
|
40.08
Ca
Calcium
20
Column 2 |
How many
protons? |
How many
neutrons? |
How many
electrons?(Radical form) |
Typical
ion form? |
|
5. Put these in
chronological order, according to the way current theories think
they occurred - number from 1 (earliest) to 9 (latest). |
Molecular
_____ Evolution |
Life on
_____ Land |
Cambrian
_____ Explosion |
Primordial
_____ Soup Forms |
Multicellular
_____ Life |
Aerobic
_____ Respiration |
Eukaryotes
_____ |
Protocells
_____ (First Membranes) |
Photosynthesis
_____ |
|
6. For three
different properties of water: |
| Property:
|
How produced on molecular
level: |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
7. For lipids - |
Basic molecular
components
|
|
2 Different Uses in Living Things |
|
|
|
|
8. Given here is one side
(strand) of DNA. Starting with this strand, and
using the table attached to the back of the exam, show: |
|
Starting____________________________________________________________
Strand T A C A G C C C C G C A T T G C T A G G G A T T
______________________________________________________________________
Messenger RNA from 1st strand
________________________________________________________________________
Amino Acid Sequence |
Link to Answer Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't
lose points on the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is
possible.
What unusual sort of isolation is often found in beetles? Three Points.
How are epigenetic factors Lamarckian? Three Points.
In what way is the old "photosynthesis problem" for Life origins uniformitarian?
Three Points.
What is the likely evolutionary connection between the Snowball period and the
Cambrian Explosion? Three Points.
Radioactive elements often turn into other elements. How do they do this? Three
Points.
Carbon dating is pretty useless for things more than 60,000 years old. Why,
exactly? Three Points.
When do local lakes stop "turning over"? Three Points.
What is it about our amino acids is really hard to explain? Three Points.
What two major medical research areas are specifically studying telomeres? Two
Points Each.
How does an antibiotic treatment today give a person an antibiotic-resistant
infection months from now? Four Points.
Why is prokaryote evolution so difficult to track? Three Points.
|
|