| |
BI 171 - Second Exam - 2009
Links connect to relevant
parts of the online book.
Multiple Choice.
Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the
left.
Two Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.
_______
1. Liver cells absorb sugar and make
starch with them through
a. Dehydration synthesis
b. Aerobic respiration
c. Photosynthesis
d. Hydrolysis
e. Some complicated chemistry thingy
_______
2. Molecules are polar because of
a. Their basic shape
b. Distribution of ions
c. An external magnetic field
d. Unequal sharing of electrons
e. Being really, really far north...or south...
_______
3. In comparison to a solution with a pH of 9,
one that has a pH of 11 would be
a. 4 times as acidic
b. 4 times as basic
c. 100 times as acidic
d. 100 times as basic
e. Two years older
_______
4. Carbon dating tends to not work for samples
older than 60,000 years because
a. The half-life is 60,000 years
b. There was very little radioactive carbon to start
c. Radioactive nitrogen confuses the readings
d. Too much is radioactive if it's older
e. The other carbons all want someone younger
_______
5. Which must be a polymer?
a. Sucrose
b. Sucrase
c. Sucranol
d. Sucraic acid
e. Doesn't it have a choice? Isn't this America?
_______
6. Memetic types of epigenetic factors may follow
LaMarckian patterns because they are
a. Embedded in shared information
b. Dependent upon isolation
c. Acquired then passed on
d. Protein-based
e. That's one, two, three separate bits that make no sense to me
_______
7. The presence of double bonds means an
organic molecule
a. Is easily ionized
b. Will form a ring structure
c. Is unsaturated
d. Will also have hydrogen bonds
e. Is really willing to commit
_______
8. A plasmid allows
a. Genetic sharing among prokaryotes
b. Movement through a lipid barrier
c. Protein subunits to stay together in a functional unit
d. Information to be shared epigenetically
e. A really weird word a place to live
_______
9. The different amino acids have different
a. Chiral twists
b. Amino groups
c. R groups d.
pH's e.
Daddies
_______
10. There are three fatty acids in a lipid
molecule because
a. There are three "corners" on the central ring
b. Glycerol has three carbons
c. They can only cross-connect at three points
d. All of the above
e. Any more and there's always a fistfight
_______
11. An ethanol (derived from ethane) molecule would
have how many carbon atoms?
a. Six
b. Four
c. Two
d. One e.
Keeping score will hurt their self-esteem
_______
12. A hydration shell happens
a. Under surface tension
b. Around solute particles
c. On the early, cooling Earth
d. Within lipid droplets
e. When you give your turtle Gatorade
_______
13. Chaperonins are involved in regulating
a. Protein conformation
b. Starch isomers
c. DNA transcription
d. DNA translation
e. Proper dance distance (although bribes are accepted during tangos)
_______
14. Stereospecificity is a feature of
a. Complex starches
b. Protein domains
c. Lipid layers
d. DNA strands
e. Earbuds
_______
15. Water is most dense at
a. 0o C
b. 1o C
c. -100o C
d. 4o C
e. Exam time
_______
16. The "active" energy in a cow's ATP is usually
a. Holding enzymes together
b. Transferred into acids
c. One step from being light energy
d. Two steps from being light energy
e. Um, a cow???
_______
17. Free radicals are very reactive because
their
a. Nuclei are unstable
b. Outer electron shell is too full
c. Protons repel their electrons
d. Outer electron shell isn't full
e. Fellow radicals are still imprisoned
_______
18. What is carried by transfer RNA?
a. Genes
b. Chromosomes
c. Amino acids
d. Enzymes
e. College transcripts
Short Answer.
Pick NINE questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than nine, only the first nine will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.
|
1. How
might the "snowball period" have led directly to
the Cambrian Explosion? |
| |
|
2. Ignore
the specifics - label with the general terms applied to any
chemical reaction - |
|
CO2
+
H2O
light >
C6H12O6
+ O2
--------------- ---------------
----------------- ----------------
-----------------
|
|
3. What are
two different biological uses for lipids? |
| |
|
4. Based on
general
chemical function, what
sort of chemical are enzymes?
|
4b. How do enzymes
perform that
function? |
|
5. What are
two Hardy-Weinberg conditions that do not involve a
type of selection? |
| |
|
|
6. Briefly
describe two different ways that populations in the
same ecosystem can become niche isolated. |
| |
|
|
7. What are
two features the first "living" molecular
systems had to have? |
| |
|
|
8. What are
two features that would not have been there early,
but which had to appear in "living systems" for them to be
Life as we know it? |
| |
|
|
9. Briefly
explain how a bottleneck affects a gene pool. |
| |
|
10. Give the
messenger RNA strand that would be made from this part of a DNA
strand: |
|
C T A
G G A T T A
G C T C C T
A A C
_________________________________________________________________________
2-Point Bonus: How many codons are there here?
___________________
|
|
11. Briefly
explain why evaporation is a cooling process. |
| |
|
12. For each
system, give a type of protein that must be
present for the system's basic function: |
| SENSORY: |
DIGESTIVE:
|
|
13. What two elements, other than
C, H, N, and O, are extremely common in biological molecules? |
| |
|
|
14. What are two different general
circumstances that support alternation of generations in groups
of organisms? |
| |
|
|
15. What
biological factor (other than actual extinctions) has probably
happened in every mass extinction event? |
| |
|
16. What are the
functions of the two "ends" of an antibody
molecule? |
| |
|
Long Answer.
Select and answer completely any four of the following
questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Seven Points Each. Partial credit is possible.
|
1. For
carbohydrates:
|
Basic formula of
simple carbohydrate: ___________________________ |
Basic uses of
starches
in plants:
|
Name of basic process
that creates glucose:
|
|
2. Name and
describe the three basic bond types. |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
3. Using
the numbers of bonds as a guide, fill in the symbols for either
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, or Oxygen. |
| This would be a
drawn picture of boxes connected by bond lines.
|
| Three-Point Bonus - What
specific type of molecule is this? ___________________ |
|
4. For
sexual reproduction - |
Basic
Definition
|
Advantage over
Asexual
|
Disadvantage
compared to asexual
|
|
5. What are
four different steps, in order, of the origins
of Life on Earth that would have happened before
recognizable eukaryote cells were present? |
| A
|
B
|
| C
|
D
|
|
6. |
|
24.305
Mg
Magnesium
12
Column 2 |
How many
protons? |
How many
neutrons? |
How many
electrons?(Radical form) |
Typical
ion form? |
|
7. Name
and give a description of the four levels of protein
structure. |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
8. For four functional organic molecule
groups, give the name, then show the arrangement of atoms
in enough detail to demonstrate completely how each group works. |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
Link to Answer Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on
the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.
How can getting an antibiotic for a virus infection lead to the much later
development of an antibiotic-resistant bacterial infection? Three Points.
What source of DNA other than mitochondrial DNA is preferred for evolutionary
studies (Two Points), and why? (Three Points)
How would a plant produce a gamete-based isolation? Three Points.
How primordial soup might have settled out on a planetary body is being studied
in a real-world situation right now. How? Three Points.
Why does the periodic table have wider and wider "bridges" on the lower rows?
Three Points.
What atom, other than the "big four," commonly forms covalent "bridges" in
protein molecules? Three Points.
Why is a "universal flu vaccine," using a part of the surface molecules that is
always the same, probably not going to work? Three Points
.
What is added to table sugar to make Splenda? Two Points.
And why does that make it largely undigestible? Three Points.
|
|