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BI 171 - Second Exam - 2010
Links connect to relevant
parts of the online book.
Multiple Choice.
Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the
left.
Two Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.
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1. Which would be necessary to digest a protein?
a. Dehydration synthesis
b. Cohesion
c. Unsaturation
d. Hydrolysis
e. The protein must sign the papers first
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2. A basic concept of panspermia is that
a. Sexual reproduction did not originally have genders
b. RNA was the first "living" molecular system
c. Earth life originated somewhere other than Earth
d. Photosynthesis is not the only process to support an ecosystem
e. They'll cook anything on Kitchen Nightmares
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3. A gene sequence (codon) relates to an amino
acid sequence by what ratio?
a. Two to one
b. Three to one
c. One to one
d. Four to one
e. They're no relation
_______
4. Which are the same group in different
positions?
a. Carboxyl and thiol
b. Acetyl and amine
c. Alcohol and methyl
d. Aldehyde and ketone
e. Insert something political and vaguely dirty here
_______
5. An atom that is chemically unstable
has an issue with its
a. Outer electrons
b. Protons
c. Neutrons d.
Polarity
e. Meds
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6. A pathway requires multiple genes
because it should always
a. Produce multiple proteins
b. Move through multiple cells
c. Require multiple enzymes
d. All of these
e. Use a multiplication table
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7. Which would be ethane?
a. C2H6
b. C3H8
c. CH4
d. C4H14
e. Time for the imaginary dartboard...
_______ 8. Hormones could be
a. Lipids or proteins
b. Proteins or carbohydrates
c. Lipids or DNA codes
d. Proteins or DNA codes
e. The cause of most of my problems
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9. Local ponds "turn over" due to
a. Oxygen reactions in the water
b. Carbon dioxide reactions in the water
c. Water density changes
d. Effects of plants on the water
e. The pillow needs to be flipped
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10. Which would be one to a few ring molecules
with an oxygen "clasp"?
a. Amino acids
b. Lipids
c. Starches
d. Sugars
e. Very weird jewelry
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11. Molecules in cells rarely have
a. Hydrogen bonds
b. Covalent bonds
c. Ionic bonds
d. Multiple bonds
e. Government bonds
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12. Alcohol dehydrogenase must be a
a. Type of RNA
b. Protein
c. Carbohydrate
d. Lipid
e. Downer at parties
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13. The function of a protein that has just a
single amino acid string is directly connected to its
a. Primary structure
b. Secondary structure
c. Tertiary structure
d. Quaternary structure
e. College degree (see? they are important!)
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14. Compared to a solution of pH 11, one that's a
pH of 13 is
a. 2/11ths more basic
b. 2/13ths more basic
c. 100 times more basic
d. 10 times more basic
e. Different in some unknowable way (well, I don't know it!)
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15. Which has a similar role in biological
molecules to oxygen?
a. Phosphorus
b. Sulfur
c. Sodium
d. Chlorine
e. What, does oxygen call in sick-?
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16. Genetic drift is most obvious in populations
a. That begin to resemble each other
b. That are on the verge of extinction
c. In separate, virtually identical ecosystems
d. That are carrying many recessive alleles
e. Whose motors have burned out
_______
17. Actin and myosin would break down to
a. Nucleotides
b. Sugars
c. Amino acids
d. Fatty acids
e. The right sad music
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18. Which is made from a complete gene
sequence?
a. Lipid
b. Messenger RNA
c. Starch
d. Transfer RNA
e. Next generation Facebook profile
Short Answer.
Pick NINE questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than nine, only the first nine will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.
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1. Ignore
the specifics (don't name the actual molecules) - label
with the general terms applied to any chemical reaction - |
C6H12O6
+ O2
enzymes >
CO2
+ H2O
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2. Plants
produce 2 categories of starches, used different ways - give each
use. |
VERY
STABLE
STARCHES |
LESS
STABLE
STARCHES |
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3. What
early "step" probably happened in every mass extinction
event?
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4. What
makes a molecule polar?
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5. If
most of our DNA is non-coding, why is it
there? Give two different ways to explain non-coding
bits. |
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6. Briefly
explain why memetics is largely Lamarkian in pattern.
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7. Photosynthesis
probably arose as a "merger" of what pre-existing abilities? |
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8. What are
the three parts connected to the central carbon of an amino acid? |
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9. What are
the two main structural components of a chromosome? |
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10. What
two ecosystem types were the likely "staging areas" for the
movement of life from water to land? |
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11. For
each category, give an example (NOT a definition!!)
of a material that fits it - |
| HYDROPHOBIC |
HYDROPHILIC |
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12. What
two major organic molecule types must be polymers? |
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13. Hardy-Weinberg
brought attention to "new" aspects important to evolution - things that
were not selection types or mutation. What were two? |
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14. What
are two ways that a DNA molecule is
different from an RNA molecule? |
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15. Why
might the Snowball Period have been absolutely critical to the
development of complex multicellular life?
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Long Answer.
Select and answer completely any four of the following
questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Seven Points Each. Partial credit is possible.
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1. For
three different types of isolation, give the type and briefly
describe how it works. |
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2. Using
the numbers of bonds as a guide, fill in the symbols for
either Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, or Oxygen.
*Drawing not reproducible, but like the one done in
class*
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3. For
lipids - |
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Basic molecular components
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2 Different Uses in Living Things
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4. Define
these terms having to do with proteins.
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Prosthetic Groups -
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| Domain -
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Denaturation -
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5. For
three different properties of water - |
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Property |
How it works on a molecular level |
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6. Briefly
describe (not just name the category!) three different
types of functions found in proteins that depend upon
stereospecificity. |
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7. |
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9.01218
Be
Beryllium
4
Column 2 |
How many
protons? |
How many
neutrons? |
How many
electrons?(Radical form) |
Typical
ion form? |
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8. Put these in
chronological order, according to the way current theories think
they occurred - number from 1 (earliest) to 9 (latest). |
Aerobic
_____ Respiration |
Molecular
_____ Evolution |
Photosynthesis
_____ |
Protocells
_____ (First Membranes) |
Cambrian
_____ Explosion |
Eukaryotes
_____ |
Life on
_____ Land |
Multicellular
_____ Life |
Primordial
_____ Soup Forms |
Link to Answer Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on
the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.
What animal populations seem to have gone through a bottleneck effect long ago?
Two Points Each.
What is Nemesis? Three Points.
Why are there only 2 elements on the first row of the Periodic Table? Three
Points.
How does radioactivity change what element something is? Three Points.
What is the most common free radical in our cells? Three Points.
Why is such a large fraction of the air we breathe nitrogen? Three Points.
Why is it "useful" for a toxin to be a lipid-based molecule? Three Points.
What two different behaviors are set off by ant alarmones? Two Points Each.
What, technically, does a catalyst do to speed up a reaction? Three Points.
Chaperonins are related to what other category of proteins? Three Points.
What particular type of molecule is proving to have many different uses,
according to the latest research? Three Points.
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