BI 171 - Third Exam - 2004
Links go from numbers to pertinent passages in the book.
Multiple Choice.
Place the letter of the choice that
best answers the question on the line to the left.
Two Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.
_______ 1. After being filtered through the kidneys, sugar must be recovered by the blood - sugar moves from the filtrate, where there is more, into the blood, where there is less, past the equilibrium point and on until all of the sugar has left the filtrate for the blood. This is done by
a. Passive transport, then active transport
b. All passive transport
c. All active transport
d. Active transport, then passive transport
e. It’s never a good thing when the question is this long...
_______ 2. Animal cells lack cell walls because they need
a. More protection
b. Better transfer of nutrients
c. Less protection
d. Freer movement
e. To use the wall money for video games
_______ 3. The activation energy of a reaction can be lowered by
a. Adding substrate
b. Enzymes
c. Heat
d. Inhibitors
e. Bargaining it down
_______ 4. Peroxisomes are associated with
a. Recycling of materials
b. Digestion
c. Movement
d. Reproduction
e. Blonde cell highlights
_______5. Which help things move inside a cell?
a. Cilia & flagella
b. Microtubules & endoplasmic reticulum
c. Chromosomes & mitochondria d.
Nucleolus & vesicles
e. Levers & pulleys
_______6. Which process occurs in mitochondria?
a. CO2 + O2 -------- > H2O
+ C6H12O6
b. C6H12O6 + H2O --------
> CO2 + O2
c. CO2 + H2O -------- > C6H12O6
+ O2
d. C6H12O6 + O2 -------- >
CO2 + H2O
e. Little of this, little of that --------> Whole bunch of the other
_______7. When chromosomes are double-stranded, each strand is a
a. Chromosome
b. Chromatid
c. Centromere
d. Glycocalyx
e. Bit embarrassed
_______8. For many reactions, the Q10 is about
a. Two
b. Ten
c. Twelve
d. Zero
e. To make me scream
_______9. Which structures have a lot of RNA in them?
a. Mitochondrion & chloroplast
b. Lysosome & chromosome
c. Nucleolus & ribosome
d. Flagella & cilia
e. The gooey ones
_______10. In order for a mutation to have a significant biological effect, it needs to
a. Be dominant
b. Change tertiary structure
c. Follow Michaelis-Menten rules
d. All of these
e. Fill out the right bureaucratic forms
_______11. DNA replication produces
a. A strand one way and Okazaki fragments the other way
b. Okazaki fragments both ways
c. Strands both ways
d. Histone bits one way and Okazaki fragments the other way
e. Utter confusion and absolute panic
_______12. High chromosome numbers can produce problems during
a. Cell division
b. DNA copying
c. RNA production
d. Expressing genes
e. Assignment of jersey numbers
_______13. DNA polymerase begins to do its job where this molecule hooks to the DNA.
a. Helicase
b. Telomerase
c. Primase
d. Topoisomerase
e. Imreallydeaderase
_______14. In prokaryotes, duplicate chromosomes separate by attaching to
a. Spindle fibers
b. The membrane
c. Centrioles
d. Nothing
e. Cells with money
_______15. Which is the most logical feature of a cell whose main function is absorption?
a. Cell wall
b. Lysosomes
c. Cilia
d. Microvilli
e. It’s very self-absorbed
_______16. Metals and minerals often show up in biological systems as part of
a. Vitamins and salts
b. Cofactors and prosthetic groups
c. Vitamins and cofactors
d. Carbohydrates and nucleic acids
e. The Sludge of Life
_______17. In a ______ reaction, the ______ reaction feeds energy into the _______ reaction.
a. Linked...exergonic...endergonic
b. Linked...endergonic...exergonic
c. Coupled...exergonic...endergonic
d. Coupled...endergonic...exergonic
e. Relationship...dumb male...outraged female
_______18. Cell membrane phospholipids are made up of
a. Glycerol, 2 fatty acids, and a phosphate group
b. 3 lipid molecules plus an ATP
c. Cholesterol and a nucleotide
d. 1 lipid molecule plus 3 ATPs
e. Well, there’s the phospho, and a lip, and the id...
Short Answer.
Pick NINE questions to answer in the spaces
provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than nine, only the first nine
will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.
| 1. Briefly describe how two different types of indirect enzyme inhibition work. | |
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| 2. What are two different ways that the flux of a particular type of molecule into a cell can be increased? This has to include things that cells can reasonably do. | |
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| 3. What are two different features that cilia and flagella have in common? | |
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| 4. What are two ways that a chemical reaction can be kept from reaching dynamic equilibrium? | |
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| 5. What are two different ways that prokaryote chromosomes differ from eukaryote chromosomes? | |
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6. Briefly explain
the adaptive significance of introns and
exons.
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| 7. What are two cell organelles that should be more numerous in cells that produce secretions? | |
| 8. In the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, explain what’s meant by - | |
| The fluid part? |
The mosaic part? |
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9. What does MTOC stand for?
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| 10. Give one thing each that happens during interphase - | |
| Division- related: |
Non- Division- related: |
| 11. For homeothermic, or so-called "warm-blooded" organisms, give a metabolic - | |
| ADVANTAGE TO HOMEOTHERMY |
DISADVANTAGE TO HOMEOTHERMY |
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12. What, exactly, is
an allele?
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13. What are dynein and
kinesin?
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| 14. What are two different parts that all cells, no matter the type, have in common. | |
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| 15. What are two different types of vacuoles? | |
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Long Answer.
Select and answer completely any four
of the following questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be
corrected.
Seven Points Each. Partial credit is possible.
| 1. Give three sets of differences between - | ||||
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CILIA |
FLAGELLA |
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| 2. Give three different ways of adapting to hypotonic conditions, and for each give an example of an organism that uses that adaptation. | ||||
| 3. Answer for the endosymbiont theory - | ||||
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What two organelles does the theory apply to? |
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What are two features of the organelles / pieces of evidence that support the theory? |
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| 4. Give four different functions performed by proteins embedded in cell membranes. | ||||
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| 5. For each X mark on this graph of Michaelis-Menten Kinetics, explain what is happening on the molecular level to produce the slope of the curve in that particular spot. | ||
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| 6. For the graph of pH effects on an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, explain what’s happening on the molecular level at each spot marked with an X. | ||
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| 7. For each stage of actual mitosis, name the stages in order and for each describe one thing that happens only during that stage. | ||
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| 8. Two different things that happen during transcription in a cell. | ||
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| Two different things that happen during translation in a cell. | ||
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BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.
In genetics, what is the location effect on expression? Three Points.
For Two Points each, what letters are used to represent reaction rates?
How does compartmentalizing a cell contribute to efficiency in its chemistry? Three Points.
What two high-funding research areas are interested in telomeres? Two Points each. For Three Points each, what is each area trying to accomplish with the telomeres?
What are anticodons? Three Points.
What sorts of chemicals often show an ability to irreversibly inhibit enzymes? Three Points.
Intermediate filaments are classified two different ways, according to what two parameters? Two Points each.
What evolutionary implication can be taken from the fact that actin molecules are remarkably similar in a wide variety of organisms? Three Points.
It turns out that mitochondria do have their own particular ribosomes. Why was it logical to expect that? Four Points.