Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the left.
Two Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.

_______ 1.  Movement of materials within a cell can be accomplished by

                    a. Mitochondria and chloroplasts
                    b. Microtubules and endoplasmic reticulum
                    c. Ribosomes and microfilaments
                    d. Flagella and cilia
                    e. Tiny rubber bands and teeny spitball launchers

_______ 2. Cofactors are commonly

                    a. Minerals                 b. Coenzymes                 c. Carbohydrates
                    d. Enzymes                             e. Paid less than factors

_______ 3.  Cells going through apoptosis generally

                    a. Exist in low- or no-oxygen environments          b. Increase their surface area
                    c. Produce poisons                                            d. Digest themselves
                                                e. Don’t even speak Greek

_______ 4.  Histones are most active during the early steps of

                    a. Microtubule production                         b. DNA transcription
                    c. Enzyme activation                                d. DNA translation
                                        e. Warm-ups for American Idol

_______ 5.  Variations in pH affect enzyme activity mostly because they can affect

                    a. Stability of substrates                             b. Temperature
                    c. Stability of products                               d. Hydrogen bonds
                                    e. Where the capital letters are placed

_______ 6.  In a coupled reaction

                    a. Enzyme one feeds product to enzyme two
                    b. Endergonic feeds energy to exergonic
                    c. Exergonic feeds energy to endergonic
                    d. Reaction one feeds product as reactant into reaction two
                    e. There’s a modest ring ceremony and a conservative protest

_______ 7.  Chaperonins should be found near

                    a. Ribosomes             b. Chromosomes            c. Cell membrane
                    d. Microfilaments                        e. Tiny proms

_______ 8.  When liver cells remove sugar from the blood, the concentration in the liver cells
                        is higher than levels in the blood. This movement involves

                    a. Passive transport             b. Respiration            c. Active transport
                    d. Transcription                            e. A series of sharp right turns

_______ 9.  Root pressure is generated by

                    a. Respiration                 b. Osmosis                 c. Photosynthesis
                    d. Pumps                             e. Leaves making fun of the roots

_______ 10.  Centromeres can attach to

                    a. Messenger RNA             b. Membranes            c. Ribosomes
                    d. Microtubules                        e. Random freaks met in bars

_______ 11.  A cell membrane’s phospholipid molecules have

                    a. A single phosphate instead of a fatty acid
                    b. Two phosphates instead of two fatty acids
                    c. Phosphate instead of glycerol
                    d. Phosphate instead of cholesterol
                    e. Very poor self images

_______ 12.  Affinity exists between

                    a. Neighboring cells                             b. Enzymes and substrates
                    c. Genes and proteins                          d. DNA and RNA
                                e. What you think it is and what it really is

_______ 13.  Pseudopods are commonly used for

                    a. Swimming                 b. Communication                c. Crawling
                    d. Reversing flux                    e. Examples of nasty terminology

_______ 14.  When proteins are inserted into membranes, they take up a proper position due to

                    a. Chaperonins                            b. Hydrophobic domains
                    c. Prosthetic groups                     d. Covalent bonding to membrane molecules
                            e. Their refined breeding and elegant upbringing

_______ 15.  Activators, promoters, and enhancers work in

                    a. Adjusting flux across a membrane
                    b. DNA transcription
                    c. Bringing enzyme-mediated rates to equilibrium
                    d. Cell reactions to changing temperature
                    e. The music industry

_______ 16.  A cell would have a contractile vacuole when its surroundings are

                    a. Hypertonic or hypotonic               b. Hypertonic only
                    c. Hypotonic only                            d. Hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic
                                            e. Really, really contractile

_______ 17.  Two proteins with similar primary structures have different functions - they are

                    a. Both analogous and homologous
                    b. Neither analogous nor homologous
                    c. Analogous but not homologous
                    d. Homologous but not analogous
                    e. This is seriously deja vu’d, dude!

_______ 18.  Which best explains why plant cells have golgi bodies?

                    a. Cell walls are a type of secretion
                    b. Cell walls are made of carbohydrates
                    c. Photosynthesis produces many waste materials
                    d. Chloroplasts have to able to leave the cell
                    e. They got them on sale

Short Answer.

Pick NINE questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than nine, only the first nine will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.

Long Answer.

Select and answer completely any four of the following questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Seven Points Each. Partial credit is possible.

BONUS QUESTIONS.

Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.

For Three Points Each, what sorts of functions have been discovered for what used to be called Junk DNA?

What two areas of money-rich research are interested in the function of telomeres? Three Points Each.

Why doesn’t reversibility exactly apply to enzyme-catalyzed reactions? Three Points.

Explain why a metabolic pathway trait has to be a multiple gene trait. Three Points.

In a graph of enzyme-catalyzed reaction rate and temperature, what sort of organisms typically have very broad but fairly short curves? Three Points.

BI 171

McDarby