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BI 171 - Third Exam - 2010
Each question's number
is linked to the relevant part of the online book, if possible (some questions
relate to multiple sections).
Multiple Choice.
Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the
left.
Two Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.
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1. Which will have a lot of RNA in it?
a. Chromosome
b. Nuclear envelope
c. Nucleolus
d. Intermediate filament
e. The RNA supermarket
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2. The rate "drop off" from optimum temperature and
pH may both involve
a. Changes in flux
b. Changes in particle speed
c. Changes in substrates
d. Breaking of hydrogen bonds
e. How close to the weekend it is
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3. Recycling of materials generally happens in
a. Golgi bodies
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. MTOCs
e. Itty-bitty special bins
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4. Microfilaments provide motion to
a. Muscle cells
b. Cilia
c. Flagella d.
Mitotic chromosomes
e. Avatar effects
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5. An enzyme always works by affecting
a. Substrate shape
b. Electron distribution
c. Speed of breakdown
d. Activation energy
e. How angry the tiny bits are
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6. Which division stages are the
most different compared to mitosis?
a. Prophase and anaphase of Meiosis II
b. Prophase and anaphase of Meiosis I
c. Anaphase and telophase of Meiosis I
d. Anaphase and telophase of Meiosis I
e. Differ-phase and not-so-much-the-same-phase of Meiosis Whatever
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7. Minerals are commonly working in
a. Enzymes and coenzymes
b. Osmosis and enzymes
c. Cofactors and prosthetic groups
d. Cofactors and coenzymes
e. Small third-world countries, where they are being exploited
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8. In response to insulin, sugar moves from the blood
into liver cells; soon, the concentration in the liver cells exceeds that of
the blood,
and it keeps moving in. This involves
a. Active transport
b. Facilitated diffusion
c. Osmotic pressure
d. Passive transport
e. The liver...and the blood...
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9. A high chromosome number is associated with
what type of mutation?
a. Deletion point mutation
b. Extra set of chromosomes
c. Extra or missing chromosome
d. Crossing over mutation
e. Chromosomes mutate by getting high???
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10. The inside layer of a cell membrane stays in
place because it is
a. Covalently bonded
b. Hydrogen bonded
c. Hydrophilic
d. Hydrophobic
e. Under contract
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11. Chromatin (but not chromosomes) is visible
to a light microscope during
a. Prophase and interphase
b. Metaphase and anaphase
c. Prophase and telophase
d. Anaphase and telophase
e. Is it nice to spy on chromatin?
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12. Radiation damage often kills
cells
a. Just before they divide
b. After they divide
c. Just after exposure
d. Weeks after exposure
e. After they become dog-sized and eat people
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13. Okazaki fragments are a feature of
a. Translation
b. Transcription
c. Breakdown
d. Replication
e. Sushi slices
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14. A regulatory site would be a
a. Cofactor
b. Coenzyme
c. Domain
d. Prosthetic group
e. Little government office
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15. Two research areas very interested in
telomeres:
a. Aging and cancer
b. Alzheimer's and diabetes
c. Birth defects and heart disease
d. Mutations and evolution
e. Erectile dysfunction and megaburping
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16. The purpose of a typical polar body is
to
a. Increase sperm count
b. Store nutrients
c. Produce spindle
d. Remove unneeded chromosomes
e. Look like it's wearing a tuxedo
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17. In dynamic equilibrium,
a. Reactant amounts equal product amounts
b. Reaction rates are equal forward and backward
c. Flux rates are equal across and back
d. Particle amounts are equal on both sides of a barrier
e. It sounds like it was named by an ad executive
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18. In group translocation, which two
functions occur together?
a. Transport through membrane and chemical change
b. Osmosis and diffusion
c. Synthesis and breakdown
d. Messenger RNA production and DNA replication
e. You stick them on a bus and drive them somewhere
Short Answer.
Pick NINE questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than nine, only the first nine will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.
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1. What are
the two functional ends of transfer RNA? |
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2. What are two totally different ways to
move materials around in the cytoplasm? |
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3. What is a turnover number? |
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4. What are two different functions of
spindle fibers? |
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5. What are
two different organelles found inside both
prokaryote and eukaryote cells? |
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6. For apoptosis - |
What
is
it? |
What organelle
is commonly
involved? |
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7. What are two different ways that
fresh-water organisms prevent damage from osmosis? |
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8. Why
exactly would a cell be in trouble if its chaperonins weren't
working?
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10. Name two different enzymes that are
active in DNA replication. |
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11. What can be typically expected from a
chemical reaction if you run it at a temperature that is 10o
C warmer?
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12. Near
genes are short sequences that get involved in transcription.
What are two? |
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13. In the dialysis tubing lab experiment,
maybe the sugar flux was too slow to show up in the time allotted. What
are two different reasons why the iodine flux might have been faster?
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14. What
are the two main molecular components of chromatin? |
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15. Which
two point mutations involve a frame shift? |
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16. Using
this DNA code and the
chart
attached to the back of the exam, give the coded amino acid
sequence. |
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Starting
______________________________________________________________________
Strand T A C G C T
A G T G C T T A T G T G C A T T G C A T C
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Long Answer.
Select and answer completely any four of the following
questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Seven Points Each. Partial credit is possible.
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1. For dynamic equilibrium - |
What does
it mean? |
One way to
delay reaching
it -
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Another
way to
delay it -
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2. For the two cell organelles that are
thought to have started as endosymbionts: |
| Organelle:
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Function:
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Feature that
indicates that it once was a prokaryote
(Give 2 different features) |
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3. Fill in the arrow-headed labels on this drawing of
eukaryote cell structures. This was a
drawing with different organelles and such pointed at.
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| 3. Describe the functions
of three different types of membrane proteins.
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4. Give three sets of differences between
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CILIA |
FLAGELLA |
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5. Give
three sets of differences between the chromosomes of - |
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PROKARYOTES |
EUKARYOTES |
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6. Briefly describe three different ways that
enzymes can be inhibited.
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7. In the graph below of Michaelis-Menten
Kinetics, explain why the curve is doing what it's
doing at each marked point, in terms of the enzyme molecules at work. |
Along the top flat part
Reaction
Where the rising curve begins to flatten out
Rate
V
As the curve rises steeply
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Substrate Concentration (as Enzymes remain constant) ----> |
Link to Answer
Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on
the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.
Explain the evolutionary significance of position effect. Three Points.
What was recently discovered about related genes in eukaryote nuclei? Three
Points.
Why are chromosomes in drawings almost always shown in double-stranded form?
Three Points.
What cell structure apparently has no name? Three Points.
Some people feel that the appearance of exons and introns in organisms in the
distance past led to complex life. Why would they be important? Three Points.
What evidence supports the idea that a fusion event happened during human
evolution? Three Points.
What organisms seem to be "okay" with polyploidy mutations? Three Points.
What seems to be the limiting factor in many ocean algae populations? Three
Points
What other processes follow a Michaelis- Menten pattern? Two Points Each, up to
3.
What happens during crossing over that helps solve a huge question about
evolution? Three Points.
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