BI 171 - Fourth Exam - 2006

Multiple Choice.

Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the left.
Two Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.

Each question's number is linked to the relevant part of the online book, if possible (some questions relate to multiple sections).

 

_______ 1.  Oxygen debt happens in

                    a. C4 plants         b. C3 plants         c. Fungi        d. Muscles
                                e. The Air You BreatheTM MasterCard

 

_______ 2.  An antenna complex is made up of

                    a. Microtubules                 b. Chlorophylls                 c. Muscle tissue
                    d. Starches                                 e. Lots of pointy metal things

 

_______ 3.  Most multicellular organisms grow when their cells

                    a. Divide only, with growth just to get big enough to divide again
                    b. Growth only, once enough cells are made by division
                    c. Go through growth and division together
                    d. In phases - one only growth, one only division
                    e. Are in the mood

 

_______ 4.  Oxaloacetate is an intermediate molecule in

                    a. The Krebs / Citric Acid Cycle                     b. Photosynthesis
                    c. The Calvin Cycle                                       d. Electron Transport Chain
                                        e. The Best Scrabble Words competition

 

_______ 5.  If a certain plant can absorb only red and purple frequencies, and red are longer wavelengths
                        than purple, which would be more efficient to grow the plants under?

                    a. Red lights                     b. InfraRed lights                     c. Purple lights
                    d. Ultraviolet lights                 e. No lights - I don’t like these plants

 

_______ 6.  In transduction pathways, a protein kinase is usually

                    a. On the outer membrane surface                 b. On the inner membrane surface
                    c. In the cytoplasm                                       d. In the nucleus
                                                        e. Hiding somewhere

 

_______ 7. In many animal nervous systems,

                    a. White matter is wiring, gray matter is support system
                    b. Gray matter is wiring, white matter is support system
                    c. Gray and white matter do the same things, but in different places
                    d. The white matter is considered a different tissue
                    e. Circuits can completely blow out on days like this

 

_______ 8.  Which environment is most likely to have a lot of plants doing C4 photosynthesis?

                    a. Arctic tundra (far north)                     b. Temperate forest (local)
                    c. Desert                                              d. Rain forest (tropical)
                                  e. They are growing into suicide bombers

 

_______ 9.  In a human, which condition is most likely to have come from a mutated homeogene?

                    a. Purple eyes                 b. Right-left reversal                 c. Failure to begin puberty
                    d. Color blindness                    e. Believing that biology is a subject people should learn

 

_______ 10.  Samples have to be volatilized, made into a gas, for

                    a. A Mass Spectroscope             b. Polymerase Chain Reaction             c. Electrophoresis
                    d. Southern Blot                                     e. I’m not sure, but it sounds icky

 

_______ 11. In electron transport chains, what are actually helping to carry the electrons?

                    a. ATP         b. Oxygen         c. Light         d. Hydrogen        e. Cute little buckets

 

_______ 12. Ammonia is produced by

                    a. Protein synthesis             b. DNA synthesis             c. Respiration of lipids
                    d. Respiration of proteins     e. The company that puts it in the bottles

 

_______ 13.  Metamorphosis is used

                    a. To increase population size         b. To disperse offspring        c. To withstand nasty seasons
                    d. All of these                                e. Just to make things more interesting

 

_______ 14.  Arabidopsis thaliana is a

                    a. Lab mouse                     b. Fruit fly                     c. Mustard plant
                    d. Roundworm                             e. Reason to choose a new career

 

_______ 15.  G proteins are used in

                    a. Mitochondria                     b. Chloroplasts                     c. DNA analysis
                    d. Transduction pathways                     e. G, I don’t remember

 

_______ 16.  Which is true of both NAD and FAD?

                    a. They are derived from B vitamins
                    b. They are steroid hormones
                    c. They transfer phosphate groups
                    d. They absorb certain light frequencies in photosynthesis
                    e. There couldn’t be a choice involving the initials-?

_______ 17. An acrosome is a

                    a. Light-capturing structure in a chloroplast
                    b. Microtubule-organizing center active during meiosis
                    c. Transduction-pathway cytoplasmic structure
                    d. Structure in a sperm containing enzymes
                    e. Structure you could introduce musically -
                                        "The acrosome! It seems to be some structure in a cell!"

 

_______ 18.  Group transfer potential is a basic feature of

                    a. Sperm         b. ATP         c. Food chains        d. Receptors         e. Buses

 

Short Answer.

Pick NINE questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than nine, only the first nine will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.

1.  What are two completely different uses that plants have for carotenoids?
 

 
2.  Briefly explain one method by which egg cells prevent polyspermy.

 

 
3. What are two features that make Caenorhabditis elegans an excellent model organism?
 

 
4.  What happens to an atom when it goes through oxidation?

 

 
5.  What are two different chemicals that can act as terminal electron acceptors in respiration processes?
 

 
6.  Explain what a positive chemotaxis would be, in general.

 

 
7.  What is the specific purpose of a polar body?

 

 

8. Briefly explain how a germinating shoot is caused to grow upward.

 

 
9.  What is a genome?

 

 
10.  What are two examples of different types of signal ligands?
 

 
11.  Generally, what feature determines the end of the embryo period, leading into the fetus?

 

 
12.  What are the three basic levels, in order, on a food chain?
 

 
13.  Why don’t steroid hormones use the typical transduction pathways?

 

 
14.   In a food chain, what generally happens to the -
MATERIALS?

 

 ENERGY?

 
15.  Electrophoresis separates proteins based upon what two factors?
 

 

 

Long Answer.

Select and answer completely any four of the following questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Seven Points Each. Partial credit is possible.

1.  Give four sets of differences, for any applicable species, between

SPERM

EGG CELLS

 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
2.  Briefly explain the steps, on the atomic level, of reradiation.
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
3.  For the three embryonic germ layers in animals, name the layer and give one body system that is mostly derived from that layer.
 

 
 

 
 

 
4.  Give three sets of differences. Do not say the same thing twice with different wording.

PROTOSTOMES

DEUTEROSTOMES
 

 
 

 
 

 

5.  Give four basic steps of glycolysis. They don’t have to be consecutive, but they do need to be in order.
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
6.  For the two steps of photosynthesis, give the names of the steps and for each, list all of the types of energy and/or materials input and output.
First Step - Input -
 
Output -
 
Second Step - Input -
 
Output -
 
7.  Give the steps that repeat in the Polymerase Chain Reaction. There is not a set number, since some steps can be seen as single or double. Include all temperature changes.

 

 

 

 

 
8.  Give four completely different examples of anaerobic organisms’ impact on humans.


 
 

 

Link to Answer Key

BONUS QUESTIONS.

Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.

What sort of tissue works by letting ions flood through gates in a cell membrane? Three Points.

 

In food chains, where is most of the biomass? Three Points. _______________________

 

In food chains, where are the greatest number of species? Three Points.___________________

 

What is the adaptive reason that many algae have different chlorophylls? Three Points.

 

Give the process steps of photosynthesis, showing only those that sort of "reverse" in aerobic respiration. Two Points for Each step.

 

 

What types of color receptors do humans have? Two Points Each.

 

Why, exactly, should a sperm "tail" not enter the egg cell? Three Points.

 

 

What is a common consequence of polyploidy in plants? Three Points.

 

For Two Points Each, what sorts of tissue-specific functions are found in both animals and plants?

 

What are naturally-occurring restriction enzymes used for? Three Points.

 

 

 


  
     

 

BI 171

McDarby

 

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