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BI 171 - Fourth Exam - 2008
Each question's number
is linked to the relevant part of the online book, if possible (some questions
relate to multiple sections).
Multiple Choice.
Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the
left.
Two Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.
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1. Materials move through a mass spectroscope in
a
a. Gel
b. Nylon matrix
c. Gas form d.
Wax e.
Very orderly manner
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2. Approximately how much more efficient
is the aerobic stage of respiration over the anaerobic stage?
a. Twice
b. Five times
c. Fifty times
d. Eighteen times
e. A smidge
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3. Which structure is derived from ectoderm?
a. Skeletal muscle
b. Brain
c. Stomach d.
Heart e.
Ectostuff
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4. Ammonia is primarily a product of
a. Protein breakdown
b. Protein synthesis
c. Photosynthesis
d. Fat digestion
e. China?
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5. Which is a signal ligand?
a. Histone
b. Chlorophyll
c. Hormone d.
Coenzyme
e. What language is this again?
_______
6. In reradiation, the frequency changes when
a. Electrons jump orbital levels
b. The radiation passes through a transparent object
c. The radiation is reflected
d. The radiation is absorbed by some atoms
e. The dial is turned
_______ 7. The purpose of all fruit is to
a. Attract pollinators
b. Nourish spores
c. Nourish seeds
d. Disperse seeds
e. Be used in gum. Or pie.
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8. In both major energy processes,
electrons go with
a. Light
b. Hydrogens
c. ATPs d.
Sugars
e. Anyone - they have poor taste
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9. Which would use different
chlorophyll molecules?
a. Algae at different depths
b. Land plants in different environments
c. Chloroplasts and mitochondria
d. Two reactions of photosynthesis
e. Only organisms that could afford them
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10. The end of the embryo stage
is marked by the
a. Formation of the three main layers
b. Presence of circulating blood
c. Hollowing of the ball of cells
d. Formation of all the major structures
e. The little timer going "ding!"
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11. Most of the material of ancient organisms is
now
a. Lost as heat
b. Contained in fossils
c. In current organisms
d. Held in ATP
e. What am I, lost and found?
_______ 12. Which process increases the carrying capacity of an
ecosystem for a species?
a. Alternation of generations in ferns
b. Metamorphosis in insects
c. Coevolution with pollinators
d. Multiple genders in fungi
e. Fanny packs
_______ 13. How closely humans and chimpanzees are related is based upon
comparing
a. Homologous proteins
b. Genomes
c. Mitochondrial DNA
d. All of the above
e. Fashion choices
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14. An antenna complex is made up of
a. Nervous tissue
b. Connective tissue
c. ATP d.
Chlorophyll
e. TV trucks
_______ 15. Auxins in what will be a germinating seed's
stem and leaves produce a
a. Positive phototropism
b. Positive geotropism
c. Negative geotropism
d. Negative phototropism
e. Stem and leaves
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16. For the southern blot technique, you need
a. Cells that make a lot of the key protein
b. To denature the key protein
c. To apply significant heat
d. All of these
e. A blot. And someone with a drawly accent.
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17. What's the typical location of a G
protein?
a. Attached to a gene inside the nucleus
b. Embedded on the inside surface of the cell membrane
c. Adjacent to the receptor on the outer surface of the cell membrane
d. Moving through the cytoplasm
e. Well, look for the spot labeled "G"...
_______ 18. An acrosome is
a. A food-containing body in a seed
b. A reproductive structure of a fungus hypha
c. Usually full of carotenoids
d. An enzyme-containing vacuole in a sperm
e. Keep saying it: it's almost over, it's almost over...
Short Answer.
Pick NINE questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than nine, only the first nine will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.
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1. What are two possible terminal
electron acceptors in respiration processes? |
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2. Name two different features that
should be under the control of HOX genes. |
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3. Under what conditions do muscle cells
generally go into oxygen debt? |
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4. What are the three major stages by
which energy moves through a food chain, in order? |
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5. Electrophoresis separates molecules or
parts of molecules based upon what two factors? |
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6. Why don't steroid hormones use
the typical transduction pathways? |
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7. What are two different ways that ATP
contribute reducing activation energy / getting a reaction started? |
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| 8. Once a cell is
potentially triploid, what are two different ways that polyspermy
is prevented? |
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9. Growth in multicellular organisms
involves what two different cellular processes? |
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10. Oxaloacetate - |
In which
process - step?
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Function in
that step?
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11. What are two different basic
tissue functions found in both plants and
animals? |
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12. What are two completely different uses that
plants have for carotenoids? |
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| 13. When it evolved, what was
the huge adaptive advantage of pollen? |
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14. In a redox reaction, what happens to
the reactant that is - |
REDUCED?
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OXIDIZED?
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| 15a. What part of a
sperm is not supposed to enter the egg cell?
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15b. Why? |
| 16. What happens during
contact inhibition? |
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Long Answer.
Select and answer completely any four of the following
questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Seven Points Each. Partial credit is possible.
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1. Give the
steps that repeat in the Polymerase Chain Reaction.
There is not a set number, since some steps can be seen as single or
double. Include all temperature changes. |
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2. Give three sets of differences. Do not say
the same thing twice with different wording. |
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PROTOSTOMES |
DEUTEROSTOMES |
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| 3. For three
different types of model research organisms, give the
organism (as it's commonly referred to) and give an area of basic
research that they are commonly used for. |
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4. At the points labeled with the stars, attach
the appropriate labels from this list: Violet. X-Ray. InfraRed. Red.
Blue. Ultraviolet. |
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High Frequency \
Visible Range
/
Low Frequency
*
* / *
*
* \ *
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5. Give four completely different examples
of anaerobic organisms' impact on humans. |
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| 6. What are the
four "zones" in a typical fungus, and what is the basic
purpose of each? |
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7. Give four basic steps of glycolysis.
They don't have to be in-a-row consecutive, but they do need to be in
proper order. |
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8. For the two steps of photosynthesis, give the
names of the steps and for each, list all of the types of energy
and/or materials input and output. |
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First Step - |
Input - |
| Output - |
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Second Step - |
Input - |
| Output - |
Link to Answer
Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on
the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.
What class of vitamins are sources for the main electron carriers? Three Points.
What exactly do the microwaves in a microwave oven interact with? Three Points.
What nutrient do plants require to make ferredoxin? Three Points.
In plants, there's the P700 and P680 systems. What do those numbers represent?
Three Points.
Land plants generally use fungus symbionts to help them do what? Three Points.
What life cycle feature do most uric-acid-producing animals have? Three Points.
What shape is a human blastula (Two Points), and why is it that shape (Three
Points)?
What is the "natural" purpose of restriction enzymes? Three Points.
For Polymerase Chain Reaction, where did the original polymerase come from?
Three Points.
Why is a gene for antibiotic resistance a good marker gene in the production of
recombinants? Three Points.
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