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BIO 170 - Second Exam - Fall 2016
Multiple Choice.
Place the letter of the choice that best answers the
question on the line to the left.
Two Points Each. NOTE: “e” answers are never the correct
answer.
_______ 1. Stripping the bark from a tree
will eventually kill the roots because it has lost
its
a. Rings b. Support
c. Phloem d. Xylem
e. Confidence, being naked and all
_______ 2. In the modern synthesis,
evolution produces changes particularly within
a. Gene pools b. Advantaged
individuals c. Populations
d. Communities
e. A tightly-observed marketing demographic
_______ 3. The vast majority of flowering
plant species are
a. Asexual b. Dioecious
c. Monoecious d. Parasitic
e. Not all that pretty
_______ 4. Pasteurization is essentially a
__________ technique
a. Purification b.
Nutrient-adjusting c. Culturing
d. Sterilization
e. Fun-for-the-whole-family
_______5. The most effective stiffening in
plants is done by
a. Central vacuoles and lignin
b. Root pressure and cellulose c.
Xylem and phloem
d. Chlorophyll and cellulose
e. Well, we don’t want to get too pornographic here…
_______6. The Human Genome
Project spurred the development of
a. New genetic therapy techniques
b. An increased understanding of hybridization
c. Automation of the major laboratory processes
d. All of the above
e. Genomes. Human genomes.
_______7. In conifer trees, the
female cones are typically
a. Lower b. Smaller
c. Closer to the trunk d. Wet
e. Nothing I say won’t get me in trouble…
_______8. Cohn’s discovery of
spore properties led to revisions of
a. Fern breeding b. Fungus
control c. Germ theory
d. Sterilization techniques
e. Too many spores! Too many spores!
_______9. Variation in algae
color generally relates to
a. Mobility b. Carotenoid
content c. Depth
d. Symbiont type
e. The mood tone of their Instagrams
_______10. Antibiotics are generally
a. Made by the body as a defense b.
Made by competitor organisms c.
Developed from known toxins
d. A product of our microbiome
e. Something I try not to think about
_______11. Watson and Crick
discovered that the codon-based gene code worked on what ratio,
nucleotides to amino acids?
a. One to one b. Two to one
c. Three to one d. Four to one
e. What are the odds of me knowing this-?
_______12. The names of the major
fungal groups are based upon
a. Growth patterns b. Ecological
roles c. Gender grouping
d. Spore-making structures
e. How funky they smell
_______13. The most important measure for
a microscope is
a. Maximum magnification b.
Resolution c. Reproducibility
d. Imaging limit
e. Can I do it on my phone?
_______14. Coccus, bacillus, spirillum are groups
of
a. Fungi b. Gametophytes
c. Pollen casings d. Bacteria
e. Isn’t that a law firm from tv?
_______15. The limiting force
on root pressure is
a. Gravity b. Transpiration
c. Diffusion d. Air pressure
e. Roots have pressure? Are their jobs stressful?
_______16. What features probably had to
come first for plants to particularly be able to evolve
pollen?
a. Roots and leaves b. Fruits
and flowers c. Spores and vascular
systems
d. Roots and stems
e. They had to mentally ready for the challenge
_______17. Typically, when stomates are
open
a. Carbon dioxide enters and water leaves
b. Water enters and carbon dioxide leaves
c. Both carbon dioxide and water enter
d. Both carbon dioxide and water leave
e. It would help if I remembered what a stomate was…
_______18. An annual tree
ring (that is, what you get over a year’s time) is
a. Just the good-growth cells
b. Just the bad-growth cells
c. Could be either good-growth or bad growth, depending on conditions
d. Both good-growth cells and bad-growth cells
e. Just a polite way of saying the tree’s getting fat
Short Answer.
Pick NINE questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than nine, only the first nine
will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.
| 1. What are the two microscope
systems based upon the interaction of the beam
with the specimen? |
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2. Briefly explain how a bacterial culture
gets purified to a culture with just one species in it.
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| 3. Give two sets of differences
between the chromosomes of - |
| PROKARYOTES |
EUKARYOTES |
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| 4. Bioinformatics - |
Combines
biology
with - |
Is
very
needed
because – |
| 5. For sori - |
Function?
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Where
found?
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6. Molecular
clocks tend to be drawn from what particular type
of DNA? (there are two, just give one)
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What is the
advantage of those types of DNA?
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7. What part of the
cell theory was “adjusted”
during development of germ theory?
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What early
idea about germs, found to be untrue, led
to that adjustment?
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| 8. What are two general
ecological roles played by fungi? |
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| 9. What are two different types of
relationships that have led to significant
coevolution between plant species and animal species? |
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| 10. When a new
disease organism appears in a city, give one
common adaptation that becomes more common in the populations
of - |
THE
DISEASE
ORGANISM |
THE
HUMAN
HOSTS |
11. Briefly, how are bacteria made able to
produce human proteins?
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12. Briefly describe how hybrid
vigor works.
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| 11. A patient in a hospital
is more likely to
pick up a hard-to-treat infection. |
WHY
MORE
LIKELY? |
WHY
HARD TO
TREAT? |
14. What circumstances basically force
a disease to become a childhood
disease?
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| 15. Give one reason why plants
make starches that are, to humans - |
DIGESTIBLE?
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INDIGESTIBLE?
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| 16. When a seed
germinates, briefly explain how the
emerging - |
SHOOT
GROWS
UP |
ROOT
GROWS
DOWN |
Long Answer.
Select and answer completely any four of the following
questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four
will be corrected.
Seven Points Each. Partial credit is possible.
1.
At the points labeled
with the stars, attach the appropriate labels from this list:
Violet. X-Ray. InfraRed.
Red. Blue. Ultraviolet. |
High Frequency
\
Visible Range
/
Low Frequency
*
* / *
*
* \ *
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| 2. Name and briefly
describe the growth zones found in fungi.
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3.
What are the Koch Postulates
for disease organisms? |
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| 4. For three nutritional
(material, not energy) needs of plants,
give the nutrient and the way the plant uses the nutrient. |
| NUTRIENT |
USE |
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5. Other
than the genders involved, give four sets of differences
between - |
| SPERM |
EGG CELLS |
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6.
Describe (don’t just name) three different isolation
types that can lead to new species.
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| 7. The Hardy-Weinberg rule
states that the ratio of an allele in a gene pool
will not change so long as certain conditions
apply. Give four of those conditions. |
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| 8. Each major group of land
plants demonstrates “new” features that helped
make that group more successful than its predecessor. For each group,
give one such feature. |
| BRYOPHYTES |
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| TRACHEOPHYTES |
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| GYMNOSPERMS |
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| ANGIOSPERMS |
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Link to Answer Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on the rest of the
exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.
Why was Rosalind Franklin probably not acknowledged for her
role in genetics history? Two Points Each.
Since it came up again, why are most genetic diseases
recessive? Three Points.
In DNA forensics testing, what does the “data” look like?
Three Points.
What problem needed to be overcome to get really powerful
magnifying lenses? Three Points.
What important insight came from observing goldfish tails?
Three Points.
What disease might have come “the other way,” from North
America to Europe? Three Points.
Which prokaryote group is most closely related to the
eukaryotes? Three Points.
What structure appears to have never been given an official
biology name? Three Points.
Why are today’s swamps never going to be future coal
deposits? Three Points.
Why does it make sense that grass eaters are essentially
color-blind? Three Points.
.
You put a nail into a tree, about an inch sticking out.
What’s its location and condition when you come back in twenty years? Three
Points.
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