SCI 135 - First Exam Fall 2014

Links in each number connect to the pertinent sections of the online book.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. 

 

On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best  answers the question.

Three Points Each.                  NOTE:  "e" answers are never the correct answer.

 

 

                        1.    The similarities in butterflies and bats, even though they are not  

                                                closely related, comes from

_______                    a.  Homologies leading to divergent evolution

                                 b.  Homologies leading to convergent evolution

                                 c.  Analogies leading to convergent evolution

                                 d.  Analogies leading to divergent evolution

                                 e.  Because they’re all like fluttery

 

 

                        2.    Today, a scientist is most likely to deal with peer review

_______                    a.  While the experiment is being conducted

                                 b.  When the paper based on the experiment is sent to be published

                                 c.   After the results have been reported to the world

                                 d.   While an experiment is being designed

                                 e.   While checking their e-mail

 

 

                        3.    Living things have  _________ - based chemistry with

                                                __________ - based coding.

_______                    a.  Sugar…mineral                           b.  Sugar…protein

                                 c.   Protein…DNA                          d.  Sugar…DNA

                                                e.  Slimy…way-too-complicated

 

 

                        4.  The placebo effect is a type of

_______                    a.  Variable                b.  Control                 c.  Observation

                                 d.  Artifact                             e.  Annoyance

 

 

                        5.   Based upon originally watching traffic patterns seen through traffic

                                                cameras, a researcher studies freeway slowdowns, analyzed

                                                with computer software.  Which of these are not involved

                                                here?

_______                    a.  Computer models                        b.  Field tests

                                 c.  Indirect observations                  d.  Quantitative data

                                                            e.  Any active social life

 

                        6.   Organelles are

                                 a.  Collections of specialized multicelled structures

                                 b.  Specialized structures inside cells

_______                    c.  Used when defining species

                                 d.  Made up of tissues

                                 e.  Some sort of STD

 

                        7.   Metabolism is a term connected specifically to

_______                    a.  Tracking the energy in a system

                                 b.  Measuring how many new cells get made

                                 c.  Overall food consumption

                                 d.  Measuring how many cells die off

                                 e.  How many known words get new-definition makeovers

 

                        8.    In a good study, the results should connect logically to your

_______                    a.  Variable                b.   Conclusion             c.   Hypothesis

                                 d.  All of the above              e.  Breakfast cereal  

 

                        9.   Major evolutionary changes are mostly in response to

_______                    a.  Mutations                        b.  Current needs

                                 c.  Population size                d.  Changes in conditions

                                                e.  How many “Likes” they get

 

                        10.   Molecular clocks are used to determine

_______                    a.  How long a species will live

                                 b.  How long ago modern groups shared an ancestor group

                                 c.  How quickly material moves through an ecosystem

                                 d.  How quickly energy moves through an ecosystem

                                 e.  What time the molecules have to go to work

 

                        11.  If you’re using fruit flies to study genetics applicable to humans, the

                                                fruit flies are considered

_______                    a.  Models                     b.  Substitutes                    c.  Approximations

                                 d.  Analogies                         e.  Creepy

 

                        12.   The idea that scientists might apply their own biases and prejudices

                                                into the design and interpretation of experiments:

_______                    a.  Reproducibility                           b.  Postmodernism

                                 c.  Unreliability                                d.  Result shifting

                                                            e.  Poopy-headedness

SHORT ANSWER.   

 

Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.

            Note:  if you answer more than eight, only the first eight  will be corrected.

            You can get partial credit on these answers.

1.   As they pass up through a food chain, what eventually happens to most of the -

MATERIALS?

 

 

ENERGY?

 

 

 

2.   Briefly explain what works as the newest generally-accepted method of determining that a group counts as a separate species.

 

 

 

 

3.  Put the following groups in order from the largest to the smallest:  Class, Family, Genus, Kingdom, Order, Phylum, Species, Subclass, Superorder.
1 4 7
2 5 8
3 6 9

 

4.   Describe what it is about an experiment that makes it:

SINGLE

BLIND

 

DOUBLE

BLIND

 


  

5.    Technically, what is a gene?

 

 

 

 

6.    The two major advantages of quantitative data over qualitative data:


 

 

 

7.   Put, in order,  the three levels of a typical food chain.
   

8.   Explain the meaning of “ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny.”

 

 

 

 
9.  What are two different ways that almost all living things interact with their environments?  (Should apply very broadly)


 

10.  Why, exactly, can’t great experimental results be considered proof?

 

 

 

 

11.  Humans can be considered a colonial species.  Briefly explain why.

 

 

 

 

12.  What aspect of experiment design is specifically set up to reduce the influence of chance on the results?

 

 

 

 

13a.  Redi’s first maggot experiment -  what was the criticism that made him change it?

 

 

 

 13b.  How did he change the experiment?

14.   Respiration moves energy

 

    FROM ______________________   TO   _________________________

 

 

LONG  ANSWER. 

 

Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.

Note:  if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.

            You can get partial credit on these answers.

 

1.    For viruses -

 2 Features they have that are also found in all living things -

  
 
2 Features all living things should have that viruses do NOT have -  
 

 

 

2.   Two different processes that take some energy from the environment to make chemical bond energy in fuel molecules - (Below) Type of environmental energy used by each named process -
(Below)

 

 

 

 

3.   Answer the following about classic Scientific Method:

Two features a good

hypothesis should have

    

Role served by the

experimental variable

  

Purpose of the control

test

  

 

4.    Give the following for sexual reproduction -

BASIC

DEFINITION

  

ADVANTAGE

compared to asexual

  

DISADVANTAGE

compared to asexual

  

 

 

5.   Put these in order so that each later level contains the earlier ones:  Communities, Ecosystems, Individuals, Populations.

     

 

6.   Give two different rules that apply to each in binomial nomenclature

FIRST

WORD

    

SECOND

WORD

    

ENTIRE

NAME

    

 

7.   What are three different things that can be compared based on homologies and used to determine relatedness for classification?
  


 

 

 

Link to Answer Key

 

BONUS QUESTIONS. 

 

Answer as many as you are able.  Wrong answers will not result in points being lost from the main exam.   You can get partial credit on these answers.

 

When scientists discovered weird ecosystems active at hydrothermal vents, why had they gone to look at the vents in the first place – what else happens at the vents?  Three Points.

 

 

What is ATP?  The molecule, not the auto product.  Three Points.

 

 

 

Why are most asexual reproducers very small?  Three Points.

 

 

For Three Points Each, give reasons why viruses are difficult to treat.

 

 

Under the old ideas, where did people think maggots came from?  Three Points.

 

 

 

What is the added level in a triple-blind test? Three Points.

 

 

What is anecdotal evidence?  Three Points.

 

 

When an anthropologist “discovered” many odd sexual practices in South Pacific islanders, what was really the explanation for those stories?  Three Points.

 

 

The Ancient Greeks used a “natural Kingdom” that stopped being considered a classification Kingdom later.  What was it?  Three Points.

 

 

 

Why is Karl Von Linne known as Carolus Linnaeus?  Three Points.

 

 

 


  
     

 

SCI 135 

Michael McDarby

 

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