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SCI 135 - First Exam Fall 2017
Links in each number
connect to the pertinent sections of the
online book.
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice
that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct
answer.
1. Our best current way of deciding if a group
is a separate species involves
_______ a. Comparing DNA
b. Observing behavior in natural conditions
c. Attempting to breed group members
d. Attempting to breed hybrid offspring
e. Calling them by different names and seeing if they come over
2. The null hypothesis is the basic idea that
the working hypothesis is
_______ a. Not testable
b. Not logical c. Not proven
d. Wrong
e. Not getting enough Likes
3. Most
fossils are of ________ that died _______.
_______ a. Animals…in shallow water
b. Animals and plants…in shallow water
c. Animals…in rocky but forested regions
d. Animals and plants…in rocky but forested regions
e. Really cool things…before I could try eating them
4. Which involves second-level energy
transformation?
_______ a. Virus formation
b. Respiration c. Sexual reproduction
d. Photosynthesis
e. Another can of Red Bull
5.
The role of chance as a
confounding factor can be reduced by
_______ a. Using many subjects
b. Peer review of results c. Making
measurements quantitative
d. Statistical manipulation of data
e. Just ignoring it and hoping it goes away
6.
Cows as a species are not
considered to be colonial. Which of these is a good explanation
for why not?
_______ a. Cows are multicellular
b. Cows can live as individuals
c. Cows in a herd are all doing the same thing
d. Cows are animals
e. Cows do not have flags and do not invade other pastures
7.
The placebo
effect is considered an artifact because
_______ a. It can be effectively measured
b. It is a product of the testing process
c. People have been seeing it for a long time
d. Of all of these reasons
e. It likes to have a cool-sounding name
8. In
chemosynthesis, the main type of energy used
is
_______ a. Heat
b. Glucose c. Electrons
d. Light e. Red Bull
9.
Radioactivity is
associated with _____, chemistry with _______.
_______ a. Electron…neutrons
b. Neutrons…electrons c.
Electrons…protons
d. Neutrons…protons
e. Superheroes…classes people are afraid of
10.
One criticism of science conducted in China is that young researchers are
unwilling
to present or test ideas if they disagree with those of older, more established
scientists.
This is an example of
_______ a. Peer negation
b. Counterscience c. Postmodernism
d. Qualitative negation
e. Why old people are really annoying
11.
Molecular clocks are used
by calculating with
_______ a. Point mutations of DNA
b. Half-lives of isotopes c. Numbers
of neutrons
d. Numbers of new species
e. What kind of alarm would wake a molecule
12. The typical number of offspring for a species is linked to
_______ a. Classification of group
b. Survival chances of offspring c.
Local conditions
d. Survival chances of parents
e. How many can be carried on the cell-phone plan
SHORT ANSWER.
Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
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1. What are two different categories
that an observation can be made that aren’t
just a direct experience of the observer’s senses? |
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2. Put the following groups in order
from the largest to the smallest:
Class, Family, Genus, Kingdom, Order, Phylum, Species,
Subphylum, Superorder. |
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1 |
4 |
7 |
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2 |
5 |
8 |
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3 |
6 |
9 |
3. Objects that are more than 50,000 years old
cannot be reliably analyzed by carbon dating.
Why not?
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4.
Redi’s first meat-to-maggots
experiment was not accepted. What was the criticism
that made him change his design?
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5. What, in order, are the basic levels
of a food chain? |
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6.
Briefly explain how asexual reproducers can
have sexual selection.
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7. In drug tests, briefly explain what
is meant by - |
SINGLE
BLIND
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DOUBLE
BLIND
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8. How does convergent evolution work?
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9. In studies of metabolism,
what feature is actually being tracked?
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10. If a scientist believes that a group is not
classified properly - |
What
are
they easily
allowed to do? |
What
are
they generally
not allowed
to do? |
11.
Put in order these levels of organization within
individual organisms, small to large:
cells, organs, organ systems, tissues. |
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12. What are two general circumstances
that pretty much force a study to be done as a
field test? |
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13. Briefly explain “ontogeny recapitulates
phylogeny.”
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14. What, technically, is a
gene?
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15. What are two particular
features of disease-causing viruses that make
it difficult to develop drugs to eliminate them? |
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LONG ANSWER.
Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points
Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
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1.
Put these
in order so that
each later level contains the earlier ones: Community, Ecosystems,
Individuals, Populations. |
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2.
Give the following for sexual
reproduction - |
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BASIC
DEFINITION
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STRENGTH
compared to asexual
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WEAKNESS
compared to asexual
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3.
Give
two different rules that apply to
each in
binomial nomenclature: |
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FIRST
WORD
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SECOND
WORD
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ENTIRE
NAME
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4. What are three different things that
can be compared based on homologies and used to
determine relatedness for classification?
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5. Answer
the following about classic Scientific Method: |
Two features a good
hypothesis should have
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Role served by the
experimental variable
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Purpose of the
control test
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6. For four
of the six basic Kingdoms of Life,
give the name
of the Kingdom and enough features
to clearly set that Kingdom's members
apart from those of the other five. |
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7. All for the most common
isotope –
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15.99
O
Oxygen
# 8
Column
6
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How many
protons?
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How many
neutrons?
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How
many electrons in
outermost level?
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How
many
electrons total? (Uncharged form)
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Link to Answer Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not
result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on
these answers.
No one knew that there was a second major method of
first-level energy transformation until it was found in ecosystems at what
location? Three Points.
What is the function of ATP? Three Points.
There are two major features of viruses that make it
difficult to treat a viral infection. What are they? Three Points Each.
What did Einstein need to have happen to study his
hypothesis about gravity? Three Points.
Why did a study find aluminum in the brains of Alzheimer’s
patients? Three Points.
When human cells are produced as lab cultures, what do they
become better at (Three Points), and what do they become worse at (Three
Points)?
What discoveries made people think that there must be
“dragons” beyond the map of known regions? Three Points.
What classification level is officially on the list, but we
ignored it because it’s used too confusingly? Three Points.
What features of elements were used to construct the first
versions of the Periodic Table? Three Points.
In old dead things, what element does the radioactive C14
decay into? Three Points.
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