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SCI 135 - First Exam Spring 2019
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best answers the
question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct
answer.
1. Which term is
applied generally to any group of energy-using chemical reactions?
__________ a. Metabolism
b. Sum total c. Genes
d. Photosynthesis
e. Anything’s fine as long as they don’t explode
2. Doing
experiments with large groups or many repetitions helps. Why?
__________ a. It better defines your terms
b. It is necessary for a control group
c. It reduces the influence of chance
d. It produces quantitative results
e. It keeps scientists from getting lonely
3. In a
well-done piece of research, the conclusions
__________ a. Should be obviously connected to the
results b.
Must be widely accepted by others
c. Have to agree with the original hypothesis
d. Must follow a standard logic
e. Are no fun unless they insult someone somewhere
4. Two
isotopes of the same element
differ in
_______ a. Overall charge
b. Number of protons c. Overall atomic
weight/mass d. All of these
e. How much they use social media
5. According to
the most current definition, a group is a species
if the members
__________ a. Cannot breed outside
the group
b. Cannot breed outside the group and produce offspring that are fertile
c. Share no ancestors outside the group
d. Don’t breed outside the group in nature
e. Are really snotty to any outside their group
6. A
double-blind study is designed to
__________ a. Remove the placebo
effect
b. Control for the placebo effect
c. Remove the doctor’s influence
d. Better define the groups
e. Keep the room very, very dark
7.
Decomposers
_______ a. Recycle materials only
b. Recycle materials and energy c.
Recycle energy only
d. Get rid of things but don’t recycle
e. Is not a fun biological concept
8. The main “push”
for evolutionary change comes from
_______ a. Competition
b. Mutations c. Cooperation
d. Conditions e. Nagging
9. An
artifact is a
__________ a. Result of the
actual process / design of experimenting
b. Part of the laboratory apparatus
c. Second- or third-hand observation
d. Characteristic of living cells.
e. Is a true thing that Arthur told you
10. Many
unrelated animal species with “wormy” shapes is an example of
_______ a. Classification overlap
b. Sexual selection c. Convergent
evolution
d. Divergent evolution
e. How nature can be disgusting
11. The
clock in a molecular clock “keeps
time” using
_______ a. Radioactivity
b. Splits in family trees c. Atomic
vibrations
d. Point mutations
e. Something kind of small
12. An
experimental variable changes
_______ a. During the experiment
b. Between the experimental test and the control test
c. Only if the results make it change
d. So that all of your experimental tests are different
e. Or it wouldn’t be called a variable
SHORT ANSWER.
Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points
Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
| 1. What are two distinctly
different types of ways that observations can
be made? |
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| 2. Put in order these
levels of organization within individual organisms,
small to large: cells, organs, organ systems, tissues. |
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| 3. What are two basic features of
living things that viruses DO NOT have? |
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| 4. Put the following
groups
in
order from the largest to
the smallest: Class, Family, Genus, Kingdom, Order, Phylum, Species, Suborder,
Superclass. |
| 1 |
4 |
7 |
| 2 |
5 |
8 |
| 3 |
6 |
9 |
| 5. What are the two main
features that make a scientifically-useful
hypothesis? |
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6. What features make a species colonial?
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| 7. In a typical respiration
systems, chemical energy moves… |
FROM –
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TO -
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8. Explain what this means:
ontogeny recapitulates phlogeny.
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9. What produces the “splits” in
family trees with cladistics?
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10. Briefly explain why carbon
dating doesn’t work on materials over 60,000
years old.
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| 11. What are two different
reasons why an experiment has to be done as a field
test? |
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12. What is spontaneous generation?
Definition, not example.
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13. When the results of an
experiment contradict the hypothesis, what
scientific term is applied?
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| 14. What are the two main types of
first-level energy transformations found in living
things? |
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15. Why is wrong to say that your results
proved your hypothesis was right?
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| 16. Give two different advantages
that quantitative data has over qualitative
data. |
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LONG ANSWER.
Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
| 1. Give two different rules
that apply to each specifically in
binomial nomenclature: |
FIRST
WORD |
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SECOND
WORD |
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ENTIRE
NAME |
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2. For four
of the six basic Kingdoms of Life,
give the name
of the Kingdom and enough features
to clearly set that Kingdom's members
apart from those of the other five. |
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| 3. What are four basic features
that all living things are supposed to have? |
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| 4. What are three different
things that can be compared based on homologies
and used to determine relatedness for classification? |
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| 5.
Give the following for
sexual reproduction - |
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BASIC
DEFINITION
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STRENGTH
compared to asexual
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WEAKNESS
compared to asexual
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6. Put these
in order so that
each later level contains the earlier ones: Community, Ecosystems,
Individuals, Populations. |
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| 7. Pick two different types of
experimental models and fill in the
information. |
| MODEL TYPE |
ADVANTAGE
TO USING |
DISADVANTAGE
TO USING |
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Link
to Answer Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not
result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on
these answers.
Geologists in submarines were the first to find ecosystems
that run on chemosynthesis. They weren’t looking for that – what were they
looking to study? Three Points.
In humans, what’s the measurement unit for metabolism?
Three Points.
Why are there almost no effective treatments for viruses?
Three Points for each of the two reasons.
What was Redi’s real hypothesis about maggots? Three
Points.
Why do clocks in communication satellites run at a slightly
different rate than the clocks in our phones? Three Points.
The concept of postmodernism got its start in what area of
human production? Three Points.
The first Kingdoms were Animal, Plant, and what? Three
Points.
What was developed by an orphan from Siberia? Three Points.
In science, what’s wrong with anecdotal evidence? Three
Points.
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