SC 135 - Second Exam 2011

 

Links connect to relevant parts of the online book.
 

MULTIPLE CHOICE. 

 

On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best  answers the question.

Three Points Each.                  NOTE:  "e" answers are never the correct answer.

 

 

                        1.    The potential chemistry of an atom comes from

_______                        a.  The overall weight of the nucleus

                                    b.  The total number of electrons

                                    c.   The neutrons in the outer shell

                                    d.   The electrons in the outer shell

                                    e.   How juicy it is

 

 

                        2.    Which material is naturally hydrophobic?

_______                        a.   Lipids                               b.  Starches                            c.  RNA

                                    d.  Proteins                            e.  Materials are afraid of things?

 

 

                        3.    The beam in an electron microscope is

_______                        a.   Focused with glass lenses           b.  Focused with magnets

                                    c.   Useful for living specimens       d.  Not affected by stains

                                                e.   Chock full of electrony goodness

 

 

                        4.    Which bonds happen between areas that are partially charged?

_______                        a.   Ionic                     b.   Covalent                          c.    Hydrogen

                                    d.   Segmented                                   e.  Crappy

 

 

                        5.   Which would break down to amino acids?

_______                        a.   Maltanol                          b.   Maltose                            c.  Maltogen

                                    d.   Maltase                                        e.   Maltinoacid

 

 

                        6.   Enzymes are

                                    a.  Always proteins

                                    b.  Usually proteins but sometimes nucleic acids

_______                        c.   Usually lipids but sometimes proteins

                                    d.   Usually lipids but sometimes nucleic acids

                                    e.   Those things I meant to remember…

 

 

 

                        7.    During digestion, organic polymers are broken down into components

                                                using what chemical reaction?

_______                        a.  Dehydration synthesis                               b.  Hydrolysis

                                    c.  Respiration                                               d.  Reduction

                                                            e.  Choppy-hacky-cutty-ation

 

 

 

                        8.    An unsaturated molecule would have

_______                     a.  All single bonds                                      b.  All multiple bonds

                        c.  At least one multiple bond                    d.  All of these

                        e.  No need for a towel

 

 

 

                        9.    The steroid hormone estrogen can be produced by cells with a lot

                                    of material of the same general type.  What type of cells?

_______                        a.   Muscle                 b.  Bone                      c.  Cartilage

                                    d.   Fat                                 e.  Huh?  What?  Huh?

 

 

 

                        10.   Atoms can be radioactive if they have the “wrong” number of

_______                        a.  Neutrons               b.   Electrons             c.  Radions

                                    d.  Protons                             e.   Facebook friends

 

 

 

                        11.   Most of the DNA in our cells is

_______                        a.  Genes                    b.  Lipids                    c.  Non-coding         

                                    d.  RNA                                  e.  Very cute

 

 

 

                        12.   What is it about water that produces surface tension?

_______                        a.  Evaporation                                 b.  Adhesion

                                    c.  Freezing                                        d.  Cohesion

                                    e.  When the surface is really attracted to someone…

 


 

 

SHORT ANSWER.  

Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note:  if you answer more than eight,
only the first eight  will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

 

1.   What makes a molecule organic?


 

2.   What are the two types of pieces of a lipid molecule?
 

 

 

3.   Give an example of a pH reading that is -

NEUTRAL –
 
BASIC -
 
4.   Briefly explain what happens to water molecules as water cools from 4oC down to 0o.


 

5.   Show the pairing nucleotides from DNA (initials are okay)
 

 

 
6.   What does each end of an antibody molecule do?
 

 

 

7.  Briefly explain why carbon dating is only useful on things newer than 60000 years old.

 


 

8.   What are the two different major reasons why plants produce carbohydrates?
 

 

 
9.    What are two different types of protein-based messenger molecules?
 

 

 

10.  Label the following chemical reaction with the general terms for each part –

 

            A              +             B                                     x           >                  C

 

     __________              ___________            ______________             _____________

 

11.  Actin and myosin are

What kind

of material?

Found in

what kind

of cell?

12.  What are two different major molecule types that are polymers?
 

 

 

13.  What is a hydration shell?

 

 

14.   What happens to a molecule if it goes through oxidation?


 

15.   Why would a specimen need to be sectioned?


 

16.  In a microscope, what does resolution mean?

 

 


 


LONG  ANSWER. 

Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.

Note:  if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
 

1.  Using the numbers of bonds as a guide, fill in the symbols for either Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, or  Oxygen.

 

 

 

 

2.   All for the most common isotope –

22.98977
 

Na


Sodium

# 11

Column 1

How many

       protons?

How many

neutrons?

Typical

ion form?

How many

electrons? (Radical form)

3.   Name and give a brief description for the four levels of protein structure.
 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 
4.   Pick any two - define the terms.
Allele  

 

Codon  

 

Gene  

 

5.   Microscopes can be split into two main groups based upon either listed feature.  For each feature, name the groups.

Nature of the

Imaging Beam

   

Interaction of Beam

with specimen

   
6.  Name four of the Six “Basic” Kingdoms, and for each list enough traits to make it clearly different from the other five.
 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 
7.   What are three different biological uses for lipids?  

 

   

 

 

 Link to Answer Key

 

 

BONUS QUESTIONS.  Answer as many as you are able.  Wrong answers will not result in points being lost from the main exam.   You can get partial credit on these answers.

 

Why was the concept of atomic mass units invented?  Three Points.

 

 

Why are there only 2 elements on the first row of the Periodic Table?  Three Points.

 

 

In carbon dating, how does the usable carbon get into the materials?  Three Points.

 

 

 

What free radical is most likely damaging your cells right now?  Three Points.

Why do our local lakes “turn over” late in the year?   Three Points.

 

 

Why do plants produce starches that are easy to break down?  Three Points.

 

 

What two different behaviors are set off by ant alarmones?  Two Points Each.

 

 

Which kind of molecule has had many new types and unsuspected functions discovered in recent years? Three Points.

 

 

When microscopes were being developed, what problem with the lenses had to be solved?  Three Points.

 

 

Why do light microscopes have a fairly low resolution limit?  Three Points.

 

 

Why do electron microscopes have to have vacuums in them?  Three Points.


 

SC 135 

Michael McDarby

 

 

 

 

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