SC 135 - Second Exam Spring 2012

Links in each number connect to the pertinent sections of the online book.


 

MULTIPLE CHOICE. 

 On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best  answers the question.
Three Points Each.       NOTE:  "e" answers are never the correct answer. 

 

1.    Someone who is lactose intolerant would have a problem digesting a(n)

________               a.  Lipid               b.  Protein                 c.  Sugar                     d.  Enzyme
                                                e.  I have no time for people who are intolerant

  

2.    Once sugar has been stirred into a cup of water, the sugar is the

__________             a.  Solvent            b.  Solution             c.  Solute             d.  Osmont            e.  Tasty bits 

 

3.    Polydehydrogenase would belong to which class of organic molecule?

__________              a.  Oils            b.  Enzymes               c.  Starches             d.  Nucleic Acids
                                          e.  No, you're not supposed to recognize the word. 

 

4.   The Apull@ in muscles is generated by

__________              a.  Lipids        b.  Nucleic acids        c. Proteins         d. Carbohydrates      e.  Microscopic horsies

  

                       5.   In many acid-base reactions, H+ and OH- combine to form water.  The H+, in
                                    becoming H in H2O, has been.

_______                    a.  Acidified          b.  Oxidized            c.  Reduced           d.  Alkalated           e.  Humiliated 

 

6.    A salt-water crocodile produces "crocodile tears," with much more salt than the cells that make them. 
                                                The salt is moved by

________                  a.  Osmosis          b.  Active transport             c.  Passive transport                   d.  Photosynthesis
                                                        e.  Embarrassment about being in "crocodile tears"

  

7.   Which features are found in all cells?

________                 a.  Cell walls and chromosomes                 b.  Cell membranes and cytoplasm
                                c.  Cell membranes and cell wall                d.  Chromosomes and nuclei
                                                    e.  Driver's-side air bags and AM radio

  

8.    The pH of the digestive juices within the human small intestine is between 7.5 and 8.5. 
                                            This environment could be described as

__________              a.  Acidic                b.  Neutral               c.  Basic               d.  Dehydrated          e.  Icky

  

9.    Large organic molecules are assembled using which process?

__________              a.  Dehydration synthesis            b.  Polymer fusion             c.  Hydrolysis
                                d.  Mineralization                                   e.  Gluing and stapling

 

                    10.   RNA differs from DNA in that RNA

_______                    a.  Has one more strand                                       b.  Uses one different nucleotide
                                c.  Uses all different nucleotides                            d.  Is only in prokaryotes
                                                        e.  Always stands farther back in lines

 

11.  Energy is gotten from sugar through the process of

_______                    a.  Respiration          b.  Reproduction            c.  Radioactivity           d.  Photosynthesis
                                                                     e.  Munching Cap'n Crunch

 

12.  An allele is a

________                  a.  A type of membrane attachment                        b.  Molecule used for energy storage
                                c.  The dissolved material in a solution                    d.  Variation in the code of a gene
                                                        e.  The newest flavor of alcoholic Snapple


 

 

SHORT ANSWER.  

Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note:  if you answer more than eight, only the first eight  will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

  1.   What, exactly and technically, does a gene do?

  

 
2.   What is a hydration shell?

 


 

3.   3.   Cells are rarely above a certain size.  What bad thing happens as a cell increases in size?

 

 

 

4.  4.   What property of water allows a glass to be filled and then hold a little bit more?  There are two possible terms for this. 

 

 

5.   What makes a molecule organic? 

 

 

6.   What are two different uses for lipids?

 

 

 

 

7.   Name two different types of biological polymers.

 

 

 

 

8.   The Fluid Mosaic Model: explain how both parts relate to membrane structure.

FLUID -

MOSAIC -

 

 

9.   Explain (don't just name!) two adaptations to resist osmosis.

 

 

 

 

10.  What are two different types of proteins that have a communication function?

 

 

 

 

11.    In the DNA nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T), show the way proper pairings match up across the "rungs" of the molecule.

 

 

 

12.  There is a particular feature of protein molecules that is the main reason why they can be used so many different ways.  What is that feature?

 

 

 
13.   Here is a chemical reaction.  Give the general terms (do not give the names of the compounds!) here that would apply to any similar reaction.

            CO2        +        H2O                   light        >         C6H12O6      +         O2

 

        __________      __________    ___________         __________     ___________

14.  What are the two types of molecular "pieces" that go into a lipid?

 

 

 

 

15.  What is it about water that causes it to expand as it cools from about 4 degrees Celsius down to the freezing point?

 

 

 

16.  What are two different explanations for what non-coding DNA does?

 

 

 

 

 

17.  What is sectioning, and why is it done?

 

 

 

 

 

LONG  ANSWER. 

Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.
Note:  if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

1.   Give four rules from the Cell Theory.
 

 

 

  
 

 

 

  

2.    Give three sets of differences between -

FLAGELLA

CILIA

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
3.   Name and give a brief description for the four levels of protein structure.
 

 

  
 

 

  
 

 

  
 

 

  

 4.   Name the two basic types of cells, and give three sets of differences between them

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 5.   Give four different functions for some of the proteins found embedded in cell membranes.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
6.   Microscopes can be split into two main groups based upon either listed feature.  For each feature, name the groups.

Nature of the

Imaging Beam

 

    

Interaction of Beam

with specimen

 

    
7.   For carbohydrates:

Basic formula of
simple carbohydrate:    

 ___________________________

Basic uses
of starches
in plants:

    

Name of basic
process that
creates glucose:

  

 

Link to Answer Key

BONUS QUESTIONS. 

Answer as many as you are able.  Wrong answers will not result in points being lost from the main exam.   You can get partial credit on these answers.

 

What makes local ponds and lakes Aturn over@ in the fall?  Three Points.

 

 

Where exactly do the numbers of the pH system come from?  Three Points.

 

 

Why are foods in our stomachs exposed to powerful acids before actually getting digested?  Three Points.

 

 

 

What's the actual name of the sugar constructed during photosynthesis?  Three Points.

 

 

 

What process looks a lot like photosynthesis backwards?  Three Points.

 

 

 

Antibody molecules have two functional ends.  What, for Three Points Each, does each end do?

 

 

 

People requiring intravenous fluids are given a saline (salt) solution rather than pure water.  Why?  Three Points.

 

 

 

How is a phospholipid molecule structured?  How are the pieces put together?  Three Points.

 

 

 

Sometimes dangerous disease bacteria pick up an ability to resist antibiotic drugs without developing the resistance themselves.  How do they do this?  Three Points.

 

 

Which Kingdoms include organisms that can make a cell wall?  Three Points Each.  A wrong guess will negate a right guess.

 

  		  
 
 
     

SCI 135 

Michael McDarby

 

 

 

 

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