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SCI 135 - Second Exam Fall 2015
Links connect to relevant
parts of the online book.
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice
that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct
answer.
1.
In dehydration synthesis, the
water
_______ a. Goes from the cell into the new molecules
b. Comes from pieces of the stuck-together molecules
c. Comes out because the new molecules are hydrophobic
d. Is absorbed into the new material by adhesion
e. Does stuff I don’t remember in stuff I don’t understand
2. If some
phosphate fertilizer runs off from farms to
streams, it will have a lower
concentration than the phosphate in the plant
cells, and it will wind up
inside the water plants by the process
of
_______ a. Osmosis b. Passive transport c. Facilitated diffusion d. Active transport
e. Cell slurping (except with a Latin name)
3.
If you broke down telomerase to study its
bits, those
bits would be
_______ a. Amino acids b. Glycerol c. Sugars d. Nucleotides
e. Um, really teensy-?
4.
Some fish evolved waterproof coverings
_______ a. To prepare for moving onto land b. To resist bacterial infections
c. As an adaptation to fresh water d. When they moved from the bottom into open ocean waters
e. Because everybody was talking about them on Twitter
5.
The term associated with how clearly a microscope can
focus:
_______ a. Focal length b. Resolution c. Intensity d. Image density
e. “How clear can this thing focus?”
6. When
sharing is unequal in _____, ______ are produced.
_______ a. Ionic bonds...molecules b. Electrons...ions c. Cohesion...adhesion
d. Covalent bonds...hydrogen bonds e. Texting...fears of being unloved
7. Each
amino acid in a protein is coded for by
_______ a. A specific enzyme b. 3 nucleotides c. 5 nucleotides
d. One allele e. Some sort of weird app
8.
A fatty acid with two double bonds is
_______ a. Hydrophilic b. Hydrophobic c. Unsaturated
d. Saturated e. I don’t think anyone should be called a “fatty”
9. Hormones may be
_______ a. Carbohydrates or lipids b. Proteins or nucleic
acids
c. Carbohydrates or proteins d. Lipids or proteins
e. The most annoying human feature
10.
Root pressure works because
_______ a. Ground water is more dilute than cell contents
b. Ground water is less dilute than cell contents
c. Ground water is equally dilute to cell contents
d. The rest of the plant is above ground level
e. Roots are always putting each other down
11. Water is in its densest (most packed together) form at
_______ a. 0o C b. 100o C c. 4o C d. -100o C
e. The time you realize you are MUCH too far from shore
12.
The mathematical relationship between increasing surface and volume of a
sphere is used to try to explain
_______ a. Cohesion
b. Adhesion
c. Membrane layers
d. Cell size limits
e. Why I have a hangover and you don’t
SHORT ANSWER.
Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points
Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
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1. For a use of lipids related to
their being hydrophobic - |
USE -
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How being hydrophobic helps that
–
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2. What are two different types of bits
found in non-coding DNA that really are
types of codes? |
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3. Give
two sets of differences between prokaryotes and
eukaryote cells. |
| PROKARYOTES |
EUKARYOTES |
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4. What about a starch makes it a
polymer?
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5. What (and
where) is an antigen?
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6. What, technically,
is a gene?
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7. Briefly explain
why evaporation of water is such a good cooling
process.
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8. What 2 types of proteins are
involved in a nerve impulse “jumping the gap” of a synapse? |
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9. Draw a diagram of the
layers of a cell membrane. Label: the
OUTSIDE (outside the cell), the INSIDE
(inside the cell), the HYDROPHILIC LAYER(S) and the
HYDROPHOBIC LAYER(S). |
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10.
What are two different Kingdoms of
Life where every species has cell walls? |
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11.
Explain how a hydration shell works.
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12a. In the laboratory, what is sectioning?
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12b. Why is that
sectioning done?
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13. Give two sets of differences between
DNA and RNA. |
| DNA |
RNA |
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14. What are the names of the two main proteins
found in muscle? |
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15. Explain how the two parts of the membrane model
are supposed to work - |
The FLUID part –
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The MOSAIC part –
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LONG ANSWER.
Answer any four of the following questions for Eight
Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
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1. Name and give a brief
description for the four levels of protein structure. |
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2.
Microscopes can be split into two main
groups based upon either listed feature. For each
feature, name the groups. |
Nature of the
Imaging Beam |
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Interaction of Beam
with Specimen |
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3. Using the numbers of bonds
as a guide, fill in the symbols for either Carbon, Hydrogen,
Nitrogen, or Oxygen.
Sorry, could not completely
receate, but you can fill in this one properly many different ways
to practice. |
O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O
O
O |
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4.
Give four different functions for some
of the proteins found embedded in cell membranes. |
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5. For the pH scale shown below, fill
in the proper blanks - |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12
13
Range
Name
_____________
____________
_________________
Active
Ion
_______________
_________________ |
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6. For carbohydrates
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Process
that makes
most of them - |
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Two main
forms - |
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Organisms
that make
them - |
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7.
Give four rules from the
Cell Theory. |
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Link to
Answer Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not
result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on
these answers.
Why is so much of the atmosphere made up of
nitrogen? Three Points.
Stomach acid does not
break down food molecules, but it does something very important
to them – what? Three Points.
Explain how our local lakes “turn over” in
the autumn. Four Points.
People eat fiber foods to act as
stool softeners. What interaction on the molecular level
is making that happen? Three Points.
Some starches are easy to
digest / break down. Why do the plants make that sort of
starch? Three Points.
Why are many pesticides lipid-like molecules?
Three Points.
Ant alarmones produce what two
effects at different concentrations? Three Points.
What body response has weak
specificity? Three Points.
What element is common in
proteins but not in
carbohydrates or lipids? Three Points.
Why would microscope specimens be coated in gold?
Three Points.
If you sit in a tub for a while, your fingers
get wrinkly. Why doesn’t the skin on your arms
get wrinkly? Four Points.
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