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SC 135 - Third Exam Fall 2009 Links connect to relevant parts of the online book. MULTIPLE CHOICE. On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best answers the question.
1. A karyotype involves _______ a. Comparing cell shapes b. Counting cell divisions c. Comparing chromosome shapes d. Counting organelles 2. Genetic redundancy applies to _______ a. Crossing over and substitution mutations b. Enzyme amplification and meiosis II c. Allele amplification and meiosis I 3. In mosaicism, cells have different _______ a. Parents b. Numbers of nuclei c. Types of projections d. Numbers of chromosomes e. Religions 4. In the lab, our plant cells shrank in the heavy salt solution due to _______ a. Osmosis into the cells b. Attraction to salt c. Osmosis out of the cells d. Diffusion of salt 5. Much of a cell's RNA is stored in _______ a. Chromosomes b. Ribosomes c. Endoplasmic reticulum d. Nucleoli e. In little plastic tubs with snap lids 6. Which vesicle would have digestive enzymes in it? _______ a. Lysosome b. Ribosome c. Digestisome d. Nucleosome e. Tum-tum-osome 7. A zygote is ________ and divides by ________ _______ a. Haploid...meiosis b. Haploid...mitosis c. Diploid...meiosis d. Diploid...mitosis e. A weird goat...splitting 8. There is a much higher concentration of iodine inside thyroid cells than in the fluid around them. Iodine moves into the cells by _______ a. Cilia b. Active transport c. Osmosis d. Passive transport e. Skateboard 9. Position effects influence how _______ a. Quickly cells divide b. Easily genes get expressed c. Organelles work together d. All of these 10. The chromosome number of prokaryotes is _______ a. Always divisible by two b. Always divisible by three c. One d. Not reliable e. Always higher than they want to admit
11. Radiation is most likely to damage cells that are _______ a. Small b. Big c. Old d. Dividing e. Just being wusses 12. Crossing over typically happens during _______ a. Interphase b. Meiosis I c. Meiosis II d. Mitosis e. The middle of a moonless night SHORT ANSWER. Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
LONG ANSWER. Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.
BONUS QUESTIONS. Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on these answers. The ability to produce a particular structure turns a cancer malignant. What structure? Three Points. Why exactly is an extra chromosome passed to an embryo very dangerous? Three Points. What sorts of signals can "go bad" and produce cancer cells? Three Points each. What was the really convincing evidence for the endosymbiont theory? Three Points. Why does a progressing cancer pretty much have to reactivate its telomerase gene expression? Three Points. What determines whether an alligator is male or female? Three Points. HIV escape mutants have to be able to do what two things? Three Points each. DNA proofreading works best in organisms that fill in below . Three Points. What disease is probably caused by prions? Three Points.
GENE TRANSLATION TABLE CODONS ON MESSENGER RNA
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