MULTIPLE CHOICE. 

On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best  answers the question.

Three Points Each.                  NOTE:  "e" answers are never the correct answer.

                  1.    Histones are
 

_______                a.  Active during early embryo development

                             b.  Critical when a seen germinates

                             c.  A major part of chromosome structure

                             d.  A common 2^nd messenger molecule

                             e.  What you say when you meet Mick Jagger and the guys
 

2.   In a double-stranded chromosome, a telomere can be found
 

a. Holding each strand together

b. Side-by-side - it is the name of the strands

_______                c. Only during telophase

         d. At the end of each strand

e.  Only if you really really want to find it

3.   Cells are often given structure with
 

_______                a.  Cilia                      b.  Nucleolus             c.  Endoplasmic reticulum

         d.  Microfilaments                         e.  Strict upbringings

                    4.   A dominant allele is, compared to a recessive allele,
 

_______                    a.  Usually more advantageous                b.  More likely to show up

                                 c.   Usually significantly different            d.  More likely to be passed on

                                                e.   Unlikely to be reported for abuse

                     5.   When a cell purposely kills itself, the process is

_______                    a.  Chromosion                                b.  Surfilysis

                                 c.  Recepterosion                             d.  Apoptosis

                                        e.  Usually blamed on the cell’s parents
 

                      6.   Which organisms would most likely have the fewest

                                                cell-division errors?
 

_______                    a.   Sexual, with low chromosome number

                                 b.   Sexual, with high chromosome number

                                 c.   Asexual, with low chromosome number

                                 d.   Asexual, with high chromosome number

                                 e.   Can’t we just dock their pay if they screw up? 

7.    A point mutation occurs at what Apoint@?
 

_______                    a.  DNA base                         b.  Centromere

c.  Chromatid                                    d.  Anaphase

e.  A mutation point

                    8.    According to a modern perspective, what really is changed

                                                by evolution?
 

_______               a.  Species         b.  Gene pools          c.  Protein types         d.  Overall traits

                                                         e.  Press agents

9.   Which organelles probably started as endosymbionts?
 

_______               a.  Nucleus & golgi body                        b.  Chloroplast & Nucleus.

                           c.  Mitochondrion & chloroplast              d.  Nucleus & nucleolus

         e.  It would help if Aendosymbiont@ rang a bell...

                    10.  Position effects are produced by
 

_______                 a.  Which genes are nearby                     b.  Which chromosome a gene is on

                              c.   When a gene is activated                  d.   Chromosome structure around a gene

                                              e.   Whether the gene is on offense or defense

11.   During fertilization,
 

_______                a.  Diploid cells get together                            b.  Haploid cells get together

c.  One diploid cell joins one haploid cell         d.  All of these can happen

                   e.  Fertility is, umm, made fertilaceous...

 

                    12.  If a cell is known to be secreting some sort of protein, then what cell

organelles can reasonably be expected to be in that cell?
 

______                 a.   Ribosomes and Golgi bodies            b.   Ribosomes and vacuoles

                  c.   Lysosomes and chloroplasts             d.   Smooth endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes

            e.   Only really cheap knock-off organelles

SHORT ANSWER.  

Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.

            Note:  if you answer more than eight, only the first eight  will be corrected.

            You can get partial credit on these answers.

LONG  ANSWER. 

Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.

Note:  if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.

            You can get partial credit on these answers.

Link to Answer Key

BONUS QUESTIONS.

Answer as many as you are able.  Wrong answers will not result in points being lost from the main exam.   You can get partial credit on these answers.

What ability “turns on” to make a cancer malignant?  Three Points.

Why do microvilli tend to wiggle?  Three Points.

For Three Points each, what facts support the endosymbiosis theory? 

What two funding-rich areas of research are particularly interested in telomeres?  Two Points Each.

What would it mean if a cell had three Barr bodies?  Three Points.

When would a frameshift mutation not run on to the end of a gene sequence?  Three Points.

When cells turn into cancer, they spend less and less time in interphase.  Why?  Three Points.

Calories (capital AC@) are used to measure the energy in food.  Metric calories (little Ac@) are used to measure energy also.   What=s the number relationship between the 2 types of calories?  Three Points.

The study of which disease led to the discovery of hybrid vigor?  Three Points.

The “ball” shape of an early human embryo is not a ball.  What shape is it (Two Points), and why is it that shape (Three Points)?