SCI 135 - Third Exam Fall 2014

Links connect to relevant parts of the online book.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. 

 

On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best  answers the question.

Three Points Each.               NOTE:  "e" answers are never the correct answer.

 

                        1.   When a cell goes through apoptosis, it

_______                    a.  Moves                               b.  Eats something

                                c.  Dies                                   d.  Copies itself

                                    e.  Has breakfast, single-cell PopTarts

 

 

                        2.   A surface specialized for absorbing is likely to have

_______                    a.  Golgi bodies                     b.  Ribosomes

                                 c.   Cell walls                         d.  Microvilli

                                                e.   A nasty slimy feeling

 

 

                        3.    Anti-aging treatments that boost telomerase may also

_______                    a.  Increase intelligence                   b.  Promote cancer

                                 c.   Decrease intelligence                d.  Reduce cancer

                                 e.   Make drug companies lots of money

 

 

                        4.    Chromatin is made of DNA and

_______                    a.   RNA                                 b.  Histones

                                 c.   Microfilaments                  d.  Microtubules

                                                            e.   Um, tin-?

 

 

                        5.   To get them ready for an imaging beam to go through them,

                                                specimens are prepared by

_______                    a.  Sectioning                        b.  Partitioning                      c.  Cleaving

                                 d.  Excaliation                       e.  Having them sign release forms

 

 

                        6.    Position effects from translocations affect

                                 a.   Where in the cell the nucleus is

                                 b.   How well-constructed the cytoskeleton is

_______                    c.   How easily genes can be accessed

                                 d.   The speed of diffusion

                                 e.   Where the nearest bus line is

 

                        7.    Which structures do a lot of processing of RNA?

_______                    a.  Ribosome and nucleolus

                                 b.  Nuclear envelope and golgi bodies

                                 c.  Nucleolus and golgi bodies

                                 d.  Cilia and flagella

                                 e.   So there’s nothing called the “RNA processor”?

 

 

                        8.    If a cell has a basic job, that happens

_______                    a.   In interphase                               b.   During cytokinesis

                                 c.   In metaphase                               d.   During mitosis

                                                e.   After it joins the union

 

 

                        9.   Cell membrane phospholipids are

_______                    a.  Entirely hydrophobic    

                                 b.  Entirely hydrophilic

                                 c.  Both hydrophobic and hydrophilic

                                 d.  Neither hydrophobic nor hydrophilic

                                 e.  Ummm…*cough*…I think I have ebola…*cough*

 

 

                        10.  Which comes in both a smooth form and a rough form?

_______                    a.  Golgi bodies                                 b.   Chromosomes

                                 c.  Cell membranes                           d.  Endoplasmic reticulum 

                                    e.  You mean one wants to beat me up?

 

 

                        11.  In response to insulin, glucose moves from the high-concentration area

                                                of the blood plasma to the lower-concentration area of inside

                                                liver cells.  This movement is an example of

_______                    a.  Facilitated diffusion                           b.  Passive transport

                                c.  Active transport                                 d.  Cohesive movement

                                                    e.  Stuff we learn and then forget

 

 

                        12.   Escape mutants are a major problem in

_______                    a.  AIDS                                              b.  Pesticide development

                                 c.   Artificial insemination                      d.  Fertility treatments

                                                e.   About 20% of zombie movies

 

SHORT ANSWER.

 

Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.

            Note:  if you answer more than eight, only the first eight  will be corrected.

            You can get partial credit on these answers.

1.  What are two different ways that radiation exposure can bring about cell death?


 
2.    Two Kingdom-level groups (you can give the “regular” names) where the cells always have cell walls:

 

3.   Briefly explain what makes a dominant allele dominant over a recessive one.

 

 

 

4.    Briefly explain why a deletion point mutation can be particularly dangerous.

 

 

 

5.   Briefly explain the leading explanation for why cells have maximum size limits.

 

 

 
6.   Give two different ways that living things resist osmosis damage from a fresh water environment?


 

7.   For a low chromosome number (compared to a high one), give one

ADVANTAGE

 

 

DISADVANTAGE

 

 
8.   Two different types of molecules that affect how proteins fold up -

 

9.    What are two types of cell membrane proteins that are involved in materials passing through the membrane?

 

10.  Give either the name or the function of two different types of vacuoles.

 

11.  Give either the name or the function of two different types of vesicles.

 

12.  What are the two categories of microscopes based upon the nature of the imaging beams?

 

13.  What are the two categories of microscopes based upon the way the imaging beam interacts with the specimens?

 

14.   What are two different things that happen during telophase?

 

15.  What is the “pull strength rule” for spindle fibers?

 

 

 

 

LONG  ANSWER. 

 

Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.

Note:  if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.

            You can get partial credit on these answers.

 

1.   Define these terms associated with chromosome structure:
HISTONES:
CENTROMERES:
CHROMATIDS:
TELOMERES:

 

2.   Give three sets of differences (other than the associated genders) between -
EGG CELLS SPERM

 

 

 

 

3.   Give three sets of differences between -
FLAGELLA CILIA

 

 
 

4.    Using this DNA code give the messenger RNA sequence and, using the chart attached to the back of the exam, give the coded amino acid sequence.

Starting_______________________________________________________________________________________

Strand     T A C  T  T  G  C  G  C  A  A  G  C  C  A  T  T  C  A  C  C  T  C  C  A  T  C

 

 

mRNA   _______________________________________________________________________________________

 

Amino

  Acids

 

 

5.   Give three sets of differences between -
PROKARYOTES EUKARYOTES

 

 

 

6a.  Briefly explain the endosymbiont theory.


6b.  What two structures are associated with the endosymbiont theory?

 

7.   Give four rules from the Cell Theory.


 


 

 

Link to Answer Key

 

BONUS QUESTIONS. 

 

Answer as many as you are able.  Wrong answers will not result in points being lost from the main exam.   You can get partial credit on these answers.

 

What property of magnification lenses had to be fixed before they could be used in microscopes?  Three Points.

 

 

How did microscopes lead to a new idea about spontaneous generation?  Three Points.

 

 

In the diffusion lab, what was the function of the salt in the salt solution?  Three Points.

 

 

Why was the term pinocytosis changed to podocytosis?  Three Points.

 

 

What ability becomes particularly dangerous when “turned on” by tumor cells?  Three Points.

 

What sort of inside-the-cell movement is produced by microtubules?  Three Points.

 

 

Give one reason why the endosymbiosis theory was not accepted when it was first proposed.  Three Points.

 

 

Why did Mendel (the genetics guy) do his research on pea plants?  Three Points.

 

 

One of Mendel’s genetics laws was found not to be reliable when the next researchers ran into what condition?  Three Points.

 

 

When would men have Barr bodies?  Three Points.

 

 

Explain how the DNA code is redundant.  Three Points. 

 

 

What type of living things tend to survive mutations of whole extra sets of chromosomes?  Three Points.

 

 

 

 

 

 

  
 
 

SCI 135 

Michael McDarby