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SCI 135 - Third Exam Spring 2016
Links connect to relevant
parts of the online book.
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice
that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct
answer.
1. After DNA replication,
_______ a. Both chromatids are new
material
b. One chromatid is new and one is original
c. Each chromatid is half new and half original d.
The original has just split into two pieces
e. The DNA has to take a long hot shower
2. Prokaryotes all have the same
_______ a. Genes
b. Alleles c. Homologous pairs
d. Chromosome number
e. Weird names
3. Cancer cells gain the ability to
crawl by activating genes for
_______ a. Muscle proteins
b. Cilia c. Pseudopods
d. Active transport
e. Crawly stuff
4.
Chromosomes often come in homologous
pairs, matched by
_______ a. What cell they’re in
b. The same genes
c. What nucleus they’re in
d. The same alleles
e. An online dating site
5. What structures are most responsible for
keeping house plants upright?
_______ a. Cell wall & cell membrane
b. Nucleus & nucleolus
c. Cell wall & central vacuole
d. Contractile vacuole & chloroplast
e. Those little tie-on sticks
6. Saliva is secreted by salivary glands – those cells should
be full of
_______ a. Cell walls
b. Golgi bodies c. Endoplasmic
reticulum d. Nucleoli
e. Um, slimy juice-?
7.
Which two organelles are strongly associated with
RNA?
_______ a. Nucleus and golgi body
b. Nucleolus and ribosome
c. Ribosome and lysosome
d. Vesicle and vacuole
e. Well, how strongly? RW friends or Facebook friends?
8. A single nucleotide change
in a codon is likely to change what
about the coded protein?
_______ a. Nothing significant
b. Its basic function to something different
c. It won’t work at all
d. It will work better
e. Its font preferences
9. Cellular materials are recycled
_______ a. By endocytosis
b. By exocytosis c. In lysosomes
d. In peroxisomes
e. When you’ve paid a nickel for the packaging
10. In an aquarium, the filters keep the concentration of waste
molecules
_______ a. Lower than the concentration
inside the fish cells
b. Equal to the concentration inside the fish cells
c. Higher than the concentration inside the fish cells
d. All of the above, depending upon the temperature
e. Oh, it’s a problem-solving question. *Whimper*
11. Chaperonins
_______ a. Control DNA replication
b. Help proteins fold properly
c. Control membrane permeability
d. Control secretions
e. Are cellular buzzkill
12. For any particular gene, how many copies
should be in our nucleus?
_______ a. One
b. Two c. 23
d. 46 e. Not enough to deal with
this
SHORT ANSWER.
Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
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1. Cells with
lots of microvilli are probably involved in
what two different jobs? |
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2. The two areas of medical
research very interested in telomerase: |
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3.
Why is it called a
nuclear envelope, rather than just a nuclear
membrane?
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4. Briefly explain the
endosymbiont theory.
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5. What two organelles
are associated with the endosymbiont theory? |
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6. For a low chromosome number,
compared to a high chromosome number
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BASIC
ADVANTAGE?
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BASIC
DISADVANTAGE?
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7. Transfer RNA has
attachment points for what two other molecules?
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8.
In a cell, what does facilitated
diffusion need that “regular” diffusion does not?
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9. What is meant by genetic linkage?
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10. In order to be truly dangerous,
HIV escape mutants must have what two features? |
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12. Briefly explain how dominant and
recessive alleles work. What produces
the effect?
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13. Biologically, what is meant by the term
gender?
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14. Two
structures involved in cytoskeleton: |
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15. What, technically, is a gene?
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LONG ANSWER.
Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points
Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
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1. Give three sets of differences
between - |
| FLAGELLA |
CILIA |
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2. Using this DNA code give the
messenger RNA sequence and, using the
chart
attached to the back of the exam, give the coded amino acid
sequence. |
Starting_________________________________________________________________________________________
Strand
T A C C A T
A G T T G G G A T
C C A C A G T C G
A T C
mRNA
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Amino
Acids
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3. What are three different
ways that fresh-water organisms deal
with osmosis?
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4. Define these terms
associated with chromosome structure: |
HISTONES:
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CENTROMERES:
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CHROMATIDS:
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TELOMERES:
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5. Give three sets of differences
(other than the associated genders) between - |
| EGG CELLS |
SPERM |
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6. Fill in with labels at the ends
of the arrows, whatever animal cell structure the arrow is pointing at.
This was a hand-drawn picture of a cell with various organelles
pointed at. |
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not
result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on
these answers.
Plants use root pressure to move water up to maybe a couple
of feet in height. Why not higher? Three Points.
In the lab, what is the particular role played by the salt
in the salt solution? Three Points.
Why were the plant cells not permeable to salt? Three
Points.
What are “non-standard” ways that pseudopods get used? Two
Points Each.
Which cell structure was compared to building factories
near the Thruway? Three Points.
Evolutionary studies tend to use mitochondrial DNA. Why?
Three Points.
Why did Mendel, the granddaddy of genetics, wind up working
with pea plants? Three Points.
Many of the sperm in any sample are messed up,
dysfunctional cells. Why? Three Points.
What organism uses its polar bodies for “another” purpose?
Three Points.
What are the molecular zombies of the cell? Three Points.
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