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SCI 135 - Third Exam Fall 2017
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice
that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct
answer.
1. With many
recessive alleles
_______ a. The code is not actually used
b. The chromosome is missing
c. The produced protein doesn’t work
d. All of the above
e. They were shy as baby alleles
2. The cells in
a sweat gland would be expected to each have a lot
of
_______ a. Cilia
b. Golgi bodies c. Nucleoli
d. Cytoplasmic inclusions e.
Smelly bits
3.
Position effects show up as
_______ a. Movement of organelles in the
cell
b. Scrambling of organization in multicelled systems
c. How efficiently cells move in the environment
d. How easily particular genes can be accessed and used
e. What happens when you hang on the monkey bars too long
4. Newly-made
proteins are helped into their “proper” shape by
_______ a. Twisting RNA
b. Chaperonins c. Tertiary enzymes
d. Storage carriers
e. An instructional text message
5. The
“ploid” part of haploid and diploid
refers particularly to
_______ a. How many divisions happen
b. What stage of the cell cycle something happens in
c. Whether a cell is mobile or not
d. How many sets of chromosomes
e. Whatever it is, the word is weird
6. The structure
around the nucleus is called the nuclear envelope because
_______ a. It has 2 membranes
b. It encloses information c. It can
be exported to other cells
d. It can be sealed and unsealed
e. You can’t mail one without a stamp
7. What are the
two types of endoplasmic reticulum?
_______ a. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
b. Internal and external c. Smooth and
rough
d. Open and closed
e. Regular and extra crispy
8. Which
requires membrane carriers?
_______ a. tRNA
b. Facilitated diffusion c. mRNA
d. Secretion e. Cellular wifi
9. Which is a
component of the cytoskeleton?
_______ a. Nanofibers
b. Endoplasmic cartilage c.
Cytotubules d. Microfilaments
e. Do they get little teensy casts when it breaks?
10. Which is
potentially the most damaging kind of mutation?
_______ a. Addition
b. Translocation c. Recessive
d. Dominant
e. The one that makes giant spiders
11.
Histones are used for
_______ a. Exporting secretions
b. DNA packaging
c. Moving chromosomes
d. Connecting membranes
e. The tops of the stone walls
12. The damage
that radiation has on cells most commonly comes from
_______ a. Disrupting movement through
the membrane
b. Changing the nucleotides in the DNA
c. Breaking DNA in several places
d. Making cells more susceptible to infection
e. When it doesn’t give you super powers
SHORT ANSWER.
Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points
Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
| 1. What are two different
organelles that are molecular complexes? |
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2. What is the
“pull strength rule” for spindle fibers?
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3. Explain what the term
genetic linkage means.
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| 4. Give each one’s
disadvantage, compared to the other one (be fairly specific!) - |
HIGH
CHROMOSOME
NUMBER
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LOW
CHROMOSOME
NUMBER
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5. The cells lining our
intestines are covered with microvilli.
Why?
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6. Explain why a cell
attacked by prions eventually stops working
properly.
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7. What is meant
by the genetic code being redundant?
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| 9. What are the two
different general functions that go on in an interphase
cell? |
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| 10. What two abilities
must an HIV escape mutant have to be truly
dangerous? |
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11. How can someone
recognize when movement of a material through
a membrane is active transport?
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12. What, technically, is
a gene?
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13. Homologous
pairs of chromosomes are matched
– matched how?
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| 14. What two areas
of well-funded medical research are focused on
telomerase? |
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15. In DNA
replication, why is neither of the
new chromosomes really “new”?
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| 16. Cytokinesis
could happen in any one of three different cell cycle stages
– what are two? |
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LONG ANSWER.
Answer any four of the following questions for Eight
Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
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1. Give three sets of differences
between - |
| FLAGELLA |
CILIA |
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2. Define these terms associated
with chromosome structure: |
CHROMATIN:
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CENTROMERES:
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CHROMATIDS:
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TELOMERES:
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2. Give three sets of differences
(other than the associated genders) between - |
| EGG CELLS |
SPERM |
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| 4. For the four phases of mitosis (so
not the one between),
name the phases in order and give one specific thing for each that happens
particularly in that phase. |
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5. For four different types of vesicles or
vacuoles, give the name and function: |
| NAME |
FUNCTION |
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6a. Briefly explain the endosymbiont theory.
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6b. What two structures are associated with the
endosymbiont theory? |
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| 7. Using this DNA code give the
messenger RNA sequence and, using the
chart,
give the coded amino acid sequence. |
Starting________________________________________________________________________________________
Strand T
A C A G C C A A C
T G G G C C C G T
A G A C G A C T
mRNA
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Amino
Acids
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Link to
Answer Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not
result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on
these answers.
What ability does a cancer cell “unlock” to turn a tumor
malignant? Three Points.
Why do microvilli “wiggle”? Three Points.
What structures in a cell can act like tiny conveyor belts
to move things around? Three Points.
What’s the only term for the exam where spelling counts?
Three Points.
Where’s the word Golgi come from? Three Points.
What is mtDNA? Three Points.
A low chromosome number can mimic asexual reproduction.
How? Three Points.
Why do polar bodies exist? Three Points.
Why do Barr bodies exist? Three Points.
Cancer pretty much only arises in cells that normally
perform what function? Three Points.
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