|
SCI 135 - Third Exam Fall 2018
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice
that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct
answer.
1. The
nuclear envelope is called an envelope rather
than a membrane because
_______ a. It can be sealed by folding
over
b. It has 2 membrane layers
c. Only the outside of a cell is called a membrane
d. It sends communications to the rest of the cell
e. That gives one more thing poor students need to learn
2. Which are
often used for crawling?
_______ a. Pseudopods
b. Microvilli c. Microtubules
d. Lobosia
e. Hands & knees on a bad night
3. Sex cells
like sperm and egg cells are -
_______ a. Diploid
b. Haploid c. Triploid
d. Polyploid
e. I’m thinking something with a “ploid”
4. In the lab,
our plant cells shrank in the heavy salt
solution due to
_______ a. Osmosis into the cells
b. Attraction to salt c. Osmosis out
of the cells
d. Diffusion of salt
e. They were very well trained ahead of time
5. Much of a cell’s RNA is stored in
_______ a. Chromosomes
b. Ribosomes c. Endoplasmic reticulum
d. Nucleoli
e. In little plastic tubs with snap lids
6.
Genetic redundancy has to do with
_______ a. Extra chromosomes
b. Proofreading during DNA replication
c. How the codon codes work d. Two
sets of chromosomes
e. Looking like words but not really being words
7. Cell
walls would not be found in
_______ a. Animals
b. Plants c. Bacteria
d. Fungi e. The friendlier cell
neighborhoods
8. There is a
much higher concentration of iodine inside
thyroid cells than in the
fluid around them. Iodine moves into the cells by
_______ a. Cilia
b. Active transport c. Osmosis
d. Passive transport e.
Skateboard
9. Which
point mutation is least likely to produce major
changes?
_______ a. Substitution
b. Deletion c. Addition
d. These are all equally bad
e. The less pointy one
10. Which could
be described as canals with production facilities?
_______ a. Nucleus
b. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum c.
Chromosomes
d. Rough endoplasmic reticulum e. Why
not just call them that?
11. A
karyotype involves
_______ a. Comparing cell shapes
b. Counting cell divisions c.
Comparing chromosome shapes
d. Counting organelles
e. Folks that look like Kary
12. DNA plus
histones are called
_______ a. Nucleoli
b. Messenger DNA c. Ribosomes
d. Chromatin
e. Something very sciencey, I bet
SHORT ANSWER.
Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points
Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
1. What is one function
of centromeres?
|
| 2. Two features HIV escape
mutants have that makes them dangerous - |
|
|
| 4. Draw the layer layout of a
typical cell membrane, with labels for
the hydrophobic and hydrophilic layers. |
|
| 5. For a low chromosome number
(compared to a high one): |
ADVANTAGE:
|
DISADVANTAGE:
|
6. Define: what is
diffusion?
|
| 7. The two different research
areas very interested in telomerase - |
|
|
| 8. What two organelles
probably started as endosymbionts? |
|
|
| 9. Give two
different ways that fresh-water organisms deal with
their potential osmosis problem. |
|
|
| 10. What are two different types of
molecules that act to arrange or rearrange the shape of
protein molecules? |
|
|
11. What does
genetic linkage mean?
|
12. If a cell has lots of
golgi bodies, what particular function
is it probably performing?
|
| 13. Cells with lots of microvilli
are generally doing one or both of which two particular basic
functions? |
|
|
14. What is the
purpose of a polar body?
|
| 15. What are two different
structures that make up cytoskeleton? |
|
|
16. Briefly explain why
most genetic diseases are recessive.
(It has to do with why any allele would be
recessive)
|
LONG ANSWER.
Answer any four of the following questions for Eight
Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
| 1. For four different types of
vesicles or vacuoles, give the name and
function: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 2. Give three sets of differences
between - |
| FLAGELLA |
CILIA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 3. What are four different types
of proteins that can be embedded in a cell membrane? |
| |
|
|
|
| 4. Give three sets of differences
(other than the associated genders) between - |
| EGG CELLS |
SPERM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 5. Using this DNA code give the
messenger RNA sequence and,
using the chart available with the exam,
give the coded amino acid sequence. |
Starting________________________________________________________________________
Strand
T A C A G T C T A C T A G G C C
T G T T G A G G A C T
mRNA
___________________________________________________________________________________
Amino
Acids
|
| 6. Give three sets of differences
between - |
| PROKARYOTES |
EUKARYOTES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
7. Add the proper labels to any four
indicated structures in this sketch of a cell.
Can't reproduce sketch here, sorry. |
Link to Answer Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not
result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on
these answers.
What is the major weakness of the “mathy” explanation for
maximum size limits of cells? Three Points.
You’ll get more “pruney” swimming in a local lake than you
will swimming in the ocean. Why is that? Three Points.
What was the really convincing evidence for the
endosymbiont theory? Three Points.
Why exactly is an extra chromosome passed to an embryo very
dangerous? Three Points.
Why do chromosomes have telomeres? Three Points.
What sorts of signals can “go bad” and produce cancer
cells? Three Points each.
The simplest DNA proofreaders are set up to detect what
about DNA while it is replicated? Three Points.
What is odd about the pieces when mRNA gets spliced? Three
Points.
|