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SCI 135 - Third Exam Spring 2018
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice
that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct
answer.
1. During
fertilization,
_______ a. Diploid cells get together
b. Haploid cells get together
c. One diploid cell joins one haploid cell
d. All of these can happen
e. Fertility is, umm, made fertilaceous...
2. Which cell
function is closely associated with the presence of Golgi bodies?
_______ a. Storage
b. Secretion c. Reproduction
d. Movement e. Golgi-something
3. Which is made
up mostly of RNA and RNA components?
_______ a. Nucleolus
b. Chromosomes c. Nucleus
d. Endoplasmic reticulum e. RNA
bisque
4. What is done
with a cell by endoplasmic reticulum is done by a human with
their
_______ a. Muscle system
b. Nervous system c. Circulation
system d. Digestive system
e. Credit cards
5. Under normal
conditions, rare sodium ions move slowly from
fresh-water into plant cells,
where the concentration is higher. This is done by
_______ a. Osmosis
b. Active transport c. Diffusion
d. Passive transport e. Plant
elves
6. In a
double-stranded chromosome, a telomere can be found
_______ a. Holding each strand together
b. Side-by-side - it is the name of the strands
c. Only during telophase
d. At the end of each strand
e. Only if you really really want to find it
7. For humans,
which number of chromosomes would be
polyploidy?
_______ a. 47
b. 92 c. 23
d. 46 e. 18 and-a-half
8. The best
explanation for why most genetic diseases are recessive involves
_______ a. Two DNA codes that can’t be
used
b. Two DNA codes for non-working proteins
c. DNA codes that don’t get passed on
d. All of these are involved
e. Explaining what recessive means
9.
Histones are closely associated with
_______ a. DNA
b. Spindle fibers c. Chlorophyll
d. Cell membranes e. Lowstones
10. In
dividing cells, actual cell division (cytokinesis)
occurs
_______ a. Only in telophase
b. In anaphase or telophase
c. In telophase or interphase
d. In interphase, telophase, or anaphase
e. When cell parts get really angry with each other
11. Cells
usually secrete materials using
_______ a. Pigments
b. Exocytosis c. Endocytosis
d. Spindles e. Cell slime
12.
Position effects refers to where _____ are.
_______ a. Chloroplasts
b. Mitochondria c. Ribosomes
d. Genes e. The things I studied
SHORT ANSWER.
Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points
Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
| 1. What two abilities
must an HIV escape mutant have to be truly
dangerous? |
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| 2. What are the two typical
components of cytoskeleton? |
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| 3. For high chromosome numbers
(compared to low numbers), give one
specific - |
ADVANTAGE-
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DISADVANTAGE -
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| 4. What two areas of
well-funded medical research are focused on
telomerase? |
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5. The spindle fibers are made up of
what particular cell structure?
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| 6. What are two different ways
that living things keep osmotic pressure from hurting them? |
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| 7. Give two things whose
formation would be driven by HOX genes. |
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8. Some radiation can have huge
effects on cells, even producing cancerous changes. What
particularly does the radiation
do inside the cells?
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| 9. For the fluid mosaic model of
cell membranes, describe the - |
FLUID
part -
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MOSAIC
part -
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10. What is the function of
microvilli?
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11. Of the point mutations, an
addition is much worse than a
substitution. Explain why.
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12. What, technically, is a
gene?
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| 13. What are two major functions
of centromeres? |
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14. Briefly, what is the endosymbiont theory?
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15. What is one thing that happens in Meiosis
I that does not happen in mitosis?
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16. Explain why
a cell attacked by prions eventually stops working properly.
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LONG ANSWER.
Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points
Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
| 1. Using this DNA code give the
messenger RNA sequence and,
using the chart available with the exam,
give the coded amino acid sequence. |
Starting________________________________________________________________________
Strand
T A C A G C C A A C T G G G C C
C G T A G A C G A C T
mRNA
___________________________________________________________________________________
Amino
Acids
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| 2. What are four different types
of proteins that can be embedded in a cell membrane? |
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| 3. For the four phases of mitosis
(so not the one between), name the
phases in order and give one
specific thing for each that happens particularly in that phase. |
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| 4. Give three sets of differences
(other than the associated genders) between - |
| EGG CELLS |
SPERM |
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| 5. Give three sets of differences
between - |
| FLAGELLA |
CILIA |
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| 6. For four different types of
vesicles or vacuoles, give the name and
function: |
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| 7. For the three basic layers of
an early embryo, give - |
| NAME OF LAYER |
ONE SYSTEM DERIVED FROM THE LAYER |
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Link to Answer Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not
result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on
these answers.
What is a mosaic? Three Points.
Why don’t animals have cell walls? Three
Points.
To study cell membranes, red blood cells are popped
using what simple approach? Three Points.
Why is it called a nuclear envelope? Three
Points.
What was the most convincing piece of evidence
to convince folks about the endosymbiont theory? Three Points.
Why did Mendel do his genetics work on pea
plants? Three Points.
What is a Barr body?
Three Points.
What type of proteins can be made using
the splicing function? Three Points.
When cells turn into cancer, they spend less and less time
in interphase. Why? Three Points.
Why is it important that only the nucleus
from the sperm, and no other organelles, get into the egg cell during
fertilization? Three Points.
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