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SCI
135 - Third Exam Spring 2019
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice
that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct
answer.
1. A bad
fertilizer solution has a lower concentration of water
than found in the root cells
of the treated plant. Which bad thing
should happen?
_______ a. Osmosis from roots out
b. Osmosis from soil in c. Nutrients
diffuse into roots
d. Nutrients diffuse out of roots
e. The plant won’t look pretty
2. Which of
these are the DNA-spooling proteins?
_______ a. Prions
b. Chaperonins c. Histones
d. Microtubules e. Spoolies
3. Which serves
as a cell’s transport channel system?
_______ a. Cell membrane
b. Spindle c. Vesicles
d. Endoplasmic reticulum e. Time
Warner
4.
Singlet-doublet chromosomes are
sometimes used to produce
_______ a. Dominant traits
b. Gender c. Recessive traits
d. Transfer RNA
e. Cute little crochet patterns
5. A cell’s
internal structures can be built
from all of these except
_______ a. Membranes
b. Microstruts c. Microtubules
d. Microfilaments e.
Microband-aids
6. When treated
with radiation, cancer cells are likely to
die
_______ a. As soon as the radiation hits
them b. After
the cell has divided
c. Just after they absorb the radiation
d. They don’t die, they just become non-cancerous
e. And no one is going to try to save them
7.
Recessive alleles are usually
_______ a. Codes that can’t be
transcribed b.
Codes that can’t be translated
c. Codes for non-working proteins
d. Missing codes
e. Not as shy as you would think
8. If a gene
sequence mutates, it will certainly
_______ a. Cause major problems
b. Cause some sort of problem c. Be a
different allele
d. Have no actual effect
e. Be used in a zombie movie
9. Which cell
function is performed by organelles
that probably began as endosymbionts?
_______ a. Mitosis
b. Movement c. Digestion
d. Photosynthesis
e. Is this an immigrant thing-?
10. Which of
these is generally a bad thing?
_______ a. Diploid
b. Metaploid c. Polyploid
d. Haploid
e. Weird sound: “Ploid, ploid, ploid...”
11. The
function of a nucleolus mostly involves
_______ a. DNA copying
b. DNA processing
c. RNA storage
d. A double membrane
e. Boring stuff
12. Fruit flies
that had little eyes developing all over had a(n)
_______ a. Extra chromosome
b. Missing chromosome c. Egg
abnormality
d. Hox gene mutation
e. Problem fitting glasses
SHORT ANSWER.
Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points
Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
1. What
limits how far up a plant root
pressure can move water?
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| 2. Give two different pieces of
evidence that support the endosymbiont theory. |
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| 3. Two areas of high-funded
research that are interested in telomeres - |
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| 4. Two features that
make HIV escape mutants particularly
dangerous - |
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| 6. Give two different ways that
meiosis is different from mitosis - |
| MEIOSIS |
MITOSIS |
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7. Why is a
substitution point mutation less
dangerous than an insertion or deletion?
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| 8. In which organelles
do the following happen? |
Transcription
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Translation
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| 9. A chromosome is
mostly a combination of what two different
types of molecules? |
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| 10. What are on the two functional ends
of a transfer RNA molecule? (what do they attach
to?) |
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11. If a cell is full of
Golgi bodies, what is that cell
probably doing?
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| 12. For a high
chromosome number (compared to low), what’s the
biggest - |
Advantage?
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Disadvantage?
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| 13. Briefly define the
two types of genetic redundancy. |
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| 15. What are two different things that
attach to centromeres? |
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| 17. What are the two different
major functions of interphase? |
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LONG ANSWER.
Answer any four of the following questions for Eight
Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
| 1. Using this DNA code give the
messenger RNA sequence and,
using the chart available with the exam,
give the coded amino acid sequence. |
Starting________________________________________________________________________
Strand
T A C T G T C C A G T A C G C A
T G T A G T G G A C T
mRNA
___________________________________________________________________________________
Amino
Acids
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| 2. Give three sets of differences
(other than the associated genders) between - |
| EGG CELLS |
SPERM |
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| 3. For the four phases of mitosis
(so not the one between)... |
| PHASES IN
ORDER |
One specific thing for
each that happens particularly in this phase |
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| 4. Give three sets of differences
between - |
| FLAGELLA |
CILIA |
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5. What are three different ways that fresh water
organisms keep osmosis from destroying their cells?
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| 6. For the three basic layers of
an early embryo, give - |
| NAME OF LAYER |
ONE SYSTEM DERIVED FROM
THE LAYER |
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| 7. For four different types of
vesicles or vacuoles, give the name and
function: |
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LINK TO
ANSWER KEY
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not
result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on
these answers.
What cell structure “activates” when a cancer becomes
malignant? Three Points.
What exactly was the function of the salt in the diffusion
lab experiment? Three Points.
Where in a human are you most likely to find microvilli?
Three Points.
What is a karyotype? Three Points.
Two cultures of the same types of cells taken from humans
the same day, one survives much longer in the lab. What is probably true about
the source of the cells? Three Points.
What could be called “evil chaperonins”? Three Points.
What exactly do position effects change, genetically
speaking? Three Points.
When tumors are targeted with radiation, why are multiple
simultaneous beams used? Three Points.
What is the evolutionary significance of unequal crossing
over? Three Points.
Why are the called polar bodies? Three Points.
What shape is the “ball embryo” shape in humans (Three
Points), and why is it that shape (Three Points)?
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