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SCI 135 - Fourth Exam Fall 2015
Links connect to relevant
parts of the online book.
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice
that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct
answer.
1. Ammonia is a product of
_______ a. Fungal processing of atmospheric
nitrogen
b. Respiration of proteins
c. Production of amino acids
d. Bacteria in the digestive system
e. Whoever puts it into those bottles in the cleaning supplies aisle
2. The Law of Thermodynamics that
says that energy can’t disappear but might change form
is also know as the __________ Law.
_______ a. Conservation
b. Persistence c. Entropy
d. Universal Constant
e. World’s Most Boring
3.
Photosynthesis, continually
dependent on light input, is
_______ a. Respiratory
b. Anaerobic
c. Exergonic
d. Endergonic
e. Really whiny in the dark
4. An oily scum in the primordial soup would
have been an important
_______ a. Source of energy
b. Feature of protocells
c. Reflector of direct sunlight
d. Former of molecule complexes
e. Feature in early pasta production
5. Chemosynthesis moves ______ energy
into ______
_______ a. Heat...glucose
b. Ultraviolet...ATP
c. Chemical...ATP
d. Electrical...glucose
e. Musical...Ipods
6. The RNA World hypothesis that
the first “living molecules” were RNA complexes is based upon
_______ a. RNA being in prokaryote cells
b. RNA having both DNA and protein-like properties
c. RNA being the universal genetic code
d. RNA’s role in holding cell membranes together
e. Where the darts hit the molecule dartboard
7.
Cofactors are usually
_______ a. Enzymes
b. Minerals c.
Vitamins
d. ATP
e. Saying embarrassing things on Twitter
8. The color of autumn
leaves is the color of
_______ a. Degraded chlorophyll
b. Carotenoids
c. Cellulose
d. Nitrogenous wastes
e. Isn’t that from the Fall Leaf Fairy?
9.
The main product of the
electron-transport chain is
_______ a. Glucose
b. Oxygen
c. ATP d.
Enzymes
e. Transported electrons
10. The energy it takes to get a reaction started is the
_______ a. Initiation Energy
b. Activation Energy
c. Enzyme-mediated Energy
d. Beginning Energy
e. Original use of Kickstarter
11. In order to make ATP, plants need a
source of
_______ a. Protein
b. Potassium
c. Protons
d. Phosphates
e. Well, I’m guessing that it starts with a “p”...
12. The “plant problem” has been an issue in
_______ a. Theories about the first Life
b. Mass extinctions
c. Effects of global climate change
d. Feeding rising human populations
e. Trying to raise your house plants to be polite
SHORT ANSWER.
Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points
Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
1. Briefly explain how a bottleneck
effect works.
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2.
What are the basic steps
that run opposite in photosynthesis
and aerobic respiration? Put the
proper step in the middle. |
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3. What,
technically, is meant by the metabolism of a system?
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4. What, technically, is a
gene?
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5. The organic materials originally detected in
space dust has since been found in what two other
places, in support of the idea of primordial soup? |
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6. There are two reasons why an
enzyme’s reaction rate
drops off at temperatures below
the optimal temperature. |
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7. Aerobic
respiration is considered much more efficient
than anaerobic – that assessment is based on what
comparison?
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9. As it works its way through a
food chain, what eventually happens to
most of the - |
MATERIAL?
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ENERGY?
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10a. What a calorie is technically a
measurement of -
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10b. Relationship
between a calorie and a Calorie.
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11. How does end-product inhibition
work?
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12a. In an oxygen debt, what builds
up?
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12b. How does that material get “paid off”?
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13. What are the two main uses
that plants have for the glucose they
make? |
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14. What does it mean if a
protein denatures?
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15. Briefly explain how ATP participates in
coupled reactions.
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16. The Snowball Period had a huge impact on
the history of Life on Earth – briefly explain why.
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LONG ANSWER.
Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
1. Briefly describe the
three different ways that
enzyme inhibition can work.
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2. For the main photosynthesis
reactions: |
| Name |
Exact
Materials or Energy Used |
Exact
Materials Produced |
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3. According to the Hardy-Weinberg rules,
what are four things that have to be true about a population
for there to be NO change in allele frequencies over time? |
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4.
For each step in the theoretical development of Life on
Earth, put them in chronological order,
from earliest
to latest, 1 - 8 in the boxes to the left. |
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Photosynthesis |
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"Snowball"
Period
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Life on
Land
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Aerobic
Respiration
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Primordial
Soup
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Prokaryote
Cells
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Cambrian
Explosion
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Molecular
Evolution
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5. Below is a graph showing how enzyme activity,
measured through the rate of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme,
reacts to changes in pH (NOT
temperature!). Fill in: A) The name
given to the pH where the graph peaks; B)
Why the graph peaks there;
C) and D) What's happening to
the enzyme molecules as the rate drops off (C)
below the peak; and (D) above the peak. |
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* A
*
*
*
*
Reaction
C *
* D
Rate
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*****
******
B
pH ---->
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6.
What are four of the
challenges of moving to land from aquatic systems? |
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7. At the points labeled with the stars, attach the
appropriate labels from this list:
Violet. X-Ray. InfraRed. Red. Blue. Ultraviolet. |
High Frequency \ Visible Range / Low Frequency
* * / * * * \ *
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8. What are four different ways that
anaerobic organisms impact humans? |
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Link to Answer
Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not result in points being
lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on these answers.
What is odd about the history of pet store hamsters?
Three Points.
What’s going on at the enzyme active
site that makes them help reactions happen? Three Points.
What’s a ligand? Three Points.
What geological process is going on at most
hydrothermal vents? Three Points.
What feature is found in almost every living thing that
produces uric acid? Three Points.
What type of cells, other than
muscle, can do oxygen debt?
Three Points.
What part of lipid molecules is used in
respiration processes? Three Points.
Most creation stories
have the created Earth pretty much the way it exists today –
why would this be a common element to all of the old stories?
Three Points.
We have a pretty good idea when photosynthesis
appeared in the history of Life – what is the main
clue used? Three Points.
What was the first clue
that there was a “Snowball Earth” in the very distant past? Three Points.
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