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SCI 135 - Fourth Exam Fall 2017
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice
that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct
answer.
1.
Nitrogenous wastes are produced when
_______ a. Starches are used for
respiration b. Fats are digested
c. Proteins are used for respiration
d. Proteins are digested
e. Nitrogen is, like, spilled on the floor
2. Which are
also known as cofactors?
_______ a. Vitamins
b. Minerals c. Calories
d. Coenzymes e. Accomplices
3.
Periods of mass extinctions should also
produce
_______ a. Bottleneck effects
b. Decomposer arrest c. Founder
effects d. Consumer arrest
e. A big drop in property values
4. Which would
involve HOX genes?
_______ a. Limb placement
b. Light capture c. Metabolic pathways
d. Disease resistance
e. Coughing up hairballs
5. The
second major photosynthesis reaction is what kind of reaction?
_______ a. Exergonic
b. Activated c. Coupled
d. Oxygenation e. The reactive
kind-?
6. Which
developments in the history of Life specifically
go together?
_______ a. Endosymbiosis and the Cambrian
Explosion b. Eukaryotes and
photosynthesis
c. Aerobic respiration and Life on Land
d. 2 sets of chromosomes and sexual reproduction
e. Creepiness and crawliness
7. In the
middle of both aerobic
respiration and photosynthesis is
_______ a. A cycle
b. An electron transport chain
c. Ammonia production
d. A bit with half-glucose molecules
e. A spot where my memory just shuts right down
8. The
energy in a food chain
_______ a. Is all lost at the end
b. Is largely recycled c. Is only
there at the beginning
d. Is lost at every transfer
e. Is completely based on Cap’n Crunch
9. Which
process is most like mitosis?
_______ a. Fertilization
b. Fusion c. Meiosis I
d. Meiosis II e. Mithreesis
10. Which
nutrient do land plants depend upon symbionts
for?
_______ a. Nitrates
b. Carbon dioxide c. Minerals
d. Phosphates e. Pizza
11. Which
challenge of land led to adaptations which prevent
land animals from
fully moving back to the water?
_______ a. Reproduction issues
b. Much more oxygen c. Support &
movement
d. Direct sunlight
e. Beachfront property not as cool
12.
Evolution changes what about a population
over time?
_______ a. Allele ratios
b. The “average” individual c. Gene
pool d. All of these
e. Their annoying attitude toward other populations
SHORT ANSWER.
Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
| 1. Briefly explain
these two types of reproductive isolation - |
TEMPORAL
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NICHE
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2. Explain what came to
be known as the “plant problem.”
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| 3. What were the 2 probable
staging areas from which Life moved from the water to
the Land? |
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| 4. Pick one embryonic germ
layer, name it and give two organs or structures
that form from it. |
| LAYER – |
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5. A zygote
becomes an embryo when -
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6. What is it about a
shift in pH that can make an
enzyme stop working?
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7. What causes
muscle cells to go into oxygen debt?
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| 9. For glycolysis |
NUMBER
OF ATPs
PUT IN |
NUMBER
OF ATPs
PRODUCED |
| 10. What are two different
catastrophic events that in the past have resulted in
mass extinctions? |
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11. Briefly explain
how enzymes speed up reactions.
There are a couple of possible answers for this, just give one.
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| 12. RNA has two abilities
that make it a good candidate for the first near-Life molecular
complexes. What are those two abilities (done by other things
now)? |
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| 13. Two different basic
functions of carotenoids - |
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14. What important evolutionary
question was answered by the discovery of unequal
crossing over?
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15. Both major energy
systems depend on the use of Hydrogens. To do
what, exactly?
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| 16. What are the two basic ways that
ATP can energize a reaction? |
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LONG ANSWER.
Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points
Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
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1. For the main photosynthesis reactions: |
| Name |
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Exact Materials or Energy Used
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Exact Materials Produced
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2. Briefly describe the three different ways that
enzyme
inhibition can work.
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3. Answer the questions on the graph for the
relationship
between enzyme activity and temperature. A. Why is the rate dropping off here? B. What is
this point called? C. Why is the rate
rising here? |
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*
*
*
*
*
Reaction
C *
* A
Rate
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*****
******
B
Temperature ---->
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4.
For each step in the theoretical development of Life on
Earth, put them in chronological order,
from earliest
to latest, 1 - 8 in the boxes to the left. |
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Movement
onto Land
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Photosynthesis
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Primordial
Soup
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Molecular
Competition |
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Aerobic
Respiration
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Snowball
Period
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Cambrian
Explosion
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5. What are four different ways that
anaerobic organisms
impact humans? |
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6. At the points labeled with the stars, attach the
appropriate labels from this list:
Violet. X-Ray. InfraRed. Red. Blue. Ultraviolet. |
High Frequency \ Visible Range / Low Frequency
* * / * * * \ *
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| 7. For each of the
germ layers of an embryo, give the name
of the layer and one system that develops mostly from that layer. |
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Link
to Answer Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not result in points being
lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on these answers.
What are knockout mice? Three Points.
In what group has a lot of mechanical isolation been seen?
Three Points.
What were Hardy and Weinberg trying to explain about
observed evolutionary patterns? Three Points.
What is the meaning of E = mc2? Three Points.
Although it is sometimes claimed that life breaks the
second law of thermodynamics, it doesn’t. Why not? Three Points.
What is a ligand? Three Points.
Why did no one expect ecosystems at hydrothermal vents?
Three Points.
What is one of the basic ideas behind aerobic exercise?
Three Points.
What cells other than muscle cells can go into oxygen debt?
Three Points.
What’s the first step in determining the Calorie content of
a food? Three Points.
Why are the “poof” explanations for the beginnings of Life
not considered scientific? Three Points.
Where can primordial soup be found naturally today? Three
Points Each.
What discovery led to the discovery of the Snowball Period?
Three Points.
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