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SCI 135 - Fourth Exam Spring 2019
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice
that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct
answer.
1.
Flowers and fruit use signaling
colors made from
_______ a. Carotenoids
b. Cellulose c. Symbionts
d. Chlorophyll
e. Kits from the crafts store
2.
Glucose is split in “half” during
_______ a. Krebs
/ Citric Acid Cycle b.
Glycolysis c. Electron Transport Chain
d. Calvin Cycle
e. Any political discussion – so divisive!
3. When an
exergonic reaction supplies
energy to an endergonic
reaction, they are
_______ a. Pathway
b. Linked c. Activated
d. Coupled e. More than just
friends
4. By the more
modern definitions, what really is changing over time as a
population evolves?
_______ a. Gene pool
b. Overall total features c. Isolation
d. Getting more perfect
e. Their attitudes – they get really snooty
5.
Oxygen debt builds up in
__________ a. Anaerobic ecosystems
b. Plant cells c. Muscle cells
d. Carotenoids
e. Accounting records of many hospitals
6. In
end-product inhibition, the end product
_______ a. Breaks down
the substrates
b. Breaks down automatically
c. Shuts off the last enzyme
d. Shuts off the first enzyme
e. Doesn’t like to speak in public
7. During the
early stages of the formation of life on earth,
what would be the most
likely result if molecules were trapped in lipid bubbles?
__________ a. They would stop
functioning
b. They would develop better systems in the protected space
c. They would use the bubble to swim with
d. They would better access environmental energy
e. There would probably be a viral video about it
8. When protein
molecules are broken down
__________ a. All parts are
used in respiratory pathways
b. All parts are removed as wastes
c. The carbon parts go into respiration and the nitrogen parts become waste
d. The nitrogen parts go into respiration and the carbon parts become waste
e. It’s really tough to find a garage that can fix them
9. In the deep
history of Life, what didn’t appear until
after there were eukaryotes?
_______ a. Aerobic respiration
b. Sexual reproduction c.
Photosynthesis d. All of these
e. Probably not politics…that seems pretty primitive
10. The
aerobic part of aerobic respiration is more
efficient than the anaerobic part
by a factor of
__________ a. 2 : 1
b. 100 : 1 c. 1.75 : 1
d. 18 : 1
e. I hate when siblings are so competitive...
11. In any
metabolic pathway, some energy is lost
as heat at every step. This is connected to
the Law known as
_______ a. Entropy
b. Leakage c. Conservation
d. Efficiency e. That heat
thingy
12. Without
their symbiotic bacteria or fungi, most land plants
could not
_______ a. Capture light effectively
b. Make proteins c. Absorb water
d. Hold themselves up
e. Be as confident
SHORT ANSWER.
Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
| 1. Name two features
that both aerobic respiration and
photosynthesis have exactly in common. |
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| 2. In order to qualify as “living,”
what are two abilities that the first living
molecules had to have? |
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| 3. What are two features
that eventually had to show up in those early evolving forms? |
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| 4. What are two abilities
that developing cancer usually activates
as it progresses? (Not division, that’s already activated) |
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| 5. What are two different types of
genes that can mutate to get a cancer started? |
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6. By the more modern
definitions, what really is changing over time
as a population evolves? (Yes, occasionally a question will
accidentally get asked twice!)
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7. Briefly
describe the (biological) bottleneck effect.
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| 8. What are two different
ways that ATP can supply the proper
“kick” to get a reaction going? |
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| 9. What, in order,
are the three basic levels of a food chain? |
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10. Minerals
commonly play what role in enzyme systems?
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11. In the
bell-curve plot of enzyme activity and pH,
what makes the activity drop in either direction from the peak?
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12. What is
activation energy?
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| 13. What are the two probable
ecosystems that animals
came from when they first moved from the water to
the land? |
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14. Where
inside a cell is the Krebs/Citric Acid Cycle
done?
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| Show an overview, with
compounds and energy types, of the following
reactions (these are two separate questions!): |
15. Aerobic
Respiration:
--------------->
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16.
Photosynthesis:
--------------->
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| 17. What are two probable
causes of mass extinctions? |
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LONG ANSWER.
Answer any four of the following questions for Eight
Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
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1. What are four different ways that
anaerobic organisms
impact humans? |
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2. For the main photosynthesis reactions: |
| Name |
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Exact Materials or Energy Used
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Exact Materials Produced
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3. Answer the questions on the graph for the
relationship
between enzyme activity and temperature. A. Why is the rate dropping off here? B. What is
this point called? C. Why is the rate
rising here? |
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*
*
*
*
*
Reaction
C *
* A
Rate
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*****
******
B
Temperature ---->
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4. Describe (don’t just give
a term) four different types
of reproductive isolation. |
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| 5. What are four different
features found for a Hardy-Weinberg allele /
population? |
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6. Briefly describe the three different ways that
enzyme
inhibitors can work.
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7.
For each step in the theoretical development of Life on
Earth, put them in chronological order,
from earliest
to latest, 1 - 8 in the boxes to the left. |
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Movement
onto Land
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Molecular
Competition
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Prokaryote
Cells
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Primordial
Soup |
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Cambrian
Explosion |
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Aerobic
Respiration
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Photosynthesis
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8. At the points labeled with the stars, attach the
appropriate labels from this list:
Violet. X-Ray. InfraRed. Red. Blue. Ultraviolet. |
High Frequency \ Visible Range / Low Frequency
* * / * * * \ *
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Link to
Answer Key
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not
result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on
these answers.
Hybrid vigor was first discovered in the relationship
between what two diseases? Four Points.
What’s the main reason why the beetles have the most
species (on paper)? Three Points.
Radiation treatment for cancer typically involves focusing
multiple beams at once on a tumor? Why? Three Points.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) shares an enzyme with what other
process? Three Points.
What are up to two different instances where enzyme
inhibition is irreversible? Three Points Each.
What molecule group is specifically just things humans
can’t make? Three Points.
The weird ecosystems at hydrothermal vents were first
discovered by geologists. What were they doing at the vents? Three Points.
Why is it difficult to accurately determine the Calories in
food? Three Points.
What one step do all mass extinctions have in common? Three
Points.
What happens in an atom or molecule that produces
reradiation? Three Points.
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