SC 139 - First Exam 2014

Numbers are linked to relevant passages in the book.

 

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE.

 

On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best  answers the question.

Three Points Each.                  NOTE:  "e" answers are never the correct answer.

 

1.   In an experiment, the idea of blind refers to

_______                a.  Experimenters not seeing the results

b.  Not revealing the purpose of the testing

c.  Participants’ groups being hidden

d.  Trying it to see what will happen

e.  Using some of the “special” chemicals they cooked up

 

2.   The similarity in shape between submarines and whales is called

_______                a.  Analogy                b.  Taxonomy               c.  Homology

                            d.  Supergrouping                 e.  Embarrassing  

 

3.   One of the first ideas associated with fossils was strongly resisted by
                                                the Church. What was that idea?

_______                a.  Evolution                          b.  Age of the Earth

c.  Extinction                         d.  Spontaneous generation

            e.  That fossils were running things

 

4.   Sectioning is

_______                a.  Splitting a group into subgroups

                             b.  How one species becomes separate species

c.  Slicing specimens really thin for microscope work

d.  How different experimental groups are analyzed

e.  How they divide the cheap seats from the pricey ones

 

5.   Prokaryotes, compared to eukaryotes

_______                a.  Are never multicellular 

                             b.  Have no nucleus

c.  Are commonly called bacteria

d.  All of the above

                             e.  Are paid for what they do

 

6.   What part of Redi’s maggot experiment has become almost a

                                                universal detail of modern science?

a.  Use of living material                             b.  Using containers

_______                c.  Having a comparison test                       d.  Having a laboratory

                        e.  Being pretty nerdy

 

 

7.   Something in the way you set up an experiment changes your results.

                        The changed results, which are not from what you’re testing:

_______                a.  Artifact                                         b.  Contrafaction

c.  Selection bias                                d.  Divergence

                        e.  Your basic science screw-up

 

 

8.   Wallace’s work led directly to

_______                a.  Fossils being recognized as having once lived

                             b.  Microscopes being converted into telescopes

                             c.  Darwin publishing his ideas on evolution

d.  Discovery of prokaryotes

e.  My confusion at this point of the exam

 

 

9.   The current best explanation about why cells seem to have size
                                                limits involves

_______                 a.  Limits in numbers of gene codes

                              b.  How cells in multi-celled systems specialize

                              c.  The “jump” from prokaryote size to eukaryote size

  d.  The mathematical relationship between volume and surface

  e.  Something in their union contract

 

 

10.  Malthus is best known for writing an essay about

_______                    a.  Natural selection                         b.  Overpopulation

                                c.  Passing on of traits                      d.  Fossils

                                                e.  Stuff folks cared about long ago

 

 

11.  In an experiment, what term goes with the thing actually being tested?

_______                    a.  Control                 b.  Specimen              c.  Variable

                                d.  Result                                e.  Test thingy

 

 

                   12.  Uniformitarianism is applied to

_______                    a.  Kingdom sizes                 b.  Processes from the past

     c.  Comparing cells              d.  Conducting experiments

     e.  Um, jobs where everybody dresses alike?

SHORT ANSWER.  

 

Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.

Note:  if you answer more than eight, only the first eight  will be corrected.

You can get partial credit on these answers.

1.   Briefly explain what works as the newest generally-accepted method of determining that a group counts as a separate species.

2.   Briefly explain what the “resolution of a microscope” means.

3.   Give two different reasons why an experiment must be done as a field study.

4.   Give two different examples of postmodernism working in the history of science covered so far.

5.   Give an example of something produced by artificial selection.

6.   What are the two categories of microscopes based upon how the imaging beam interacts with the specimens?

7.  Put the following groups in order from the largest to the smallest:  Class, Family, Genus, Kingdom, Order, Phylum, Species, Suborder, Superfamily.
1	4	7
2	5	8
3	6	9

8.   Darwin found that the differences between living things on islands and the mainland connected to what two other differences between the islands and mainland?

9.   In classification “family trees,” the points of branching connect to which detail in these approaches -
SYSTEMATICS	CLADISTICS

LONG  ANSWER. 

 

Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.

Note:  if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.

You can get partial credit on these answers.

1.   What are the four "rules" of the Cell Theory?

  

2.   For four of the six basic Kingdoms of Life, give the name of the Kingdom and enough features to clearly set that Kingdom's members apart from those of the other five.

 

3.   What are four significant ways that electron microscopes are different from light microscopes?

 

5.   Give a simple progression, according to Darwin's Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection, from the beginning to the end here - (You can answer the question correctly and not have the same number of steps as the number of lines here).

The environment around a population changes

The population can now be considered a new species.

 

 

6.  For Jean Baptiste de LaMarck ‑ name or describe these ideas about evolution -

One that quickly fell out of favor -

One that's wrong, but many people still try to apply it -