SC 139 - Fourth Exam 2001

MULTIPLE CHOICE.

On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.

                    1. The various color-groups of "protistan" algae differ in
_______              a. What prey they pursue                    
                            b. What depth they grow best at
                            c. Which vascular structures they have
                            d. Their symmetry types
                            e. Which "Survivor" they prefer

                    2. Which is an example of indirect development?
_______              a. Protostomes                             b. Small crickets -> adult crickets
                            c. Deuterostomes                         d. Caterpillar -> butterfly
                            e. Biology courses lead to a perfect life (well, it is indirect...)

                    3. Caenorhabditis elegans is a
_______              a. Fluke responsible for many deaths a year
                            b. Roundworm used to study embryo development
                            c. Tapeworm whose larvae can change their host's behavior
                            d. Phylum of "link"-type animals between segmented worms & arthropods
                            e. Very long and nasty name

                    4. A structure found particularly in mollusks and used as a functional space
                                    and/or a shell producer:
_______              a. Mantle                             b. Foot                             c. Chitin
                            d. Hydrostatic skeleton                 e. The space & shell salesguy

                    5. Because of its group, a lamprey eel should
_______              a. Have no jaws                                         b. Have a bony skeleton
                            c. Spend its adult life on land                      d. Have an exoskeleton
                                                        e. Have a shade on its head

                    6. These both tend to allow for larger size:
                            a. Segmentation & endoskeleton
                            b. Body cavities & circulatory systems
_______              c. Sexual & asexual reproduction
                            d. Radial symmetry & setae
                            e. Super^TM sizing and Biggie^TM sizing

                    7. In ciliate protozoans, DNA gets accessed and used every day in the
_______              a. Reproductive system                             b. Micronucleus
                            c. Cilia                                                      d. Macronucleus
                                     e. Process of being a little tiny creepy thing

                    8. A leech belongs to which phylum?
_______              a. Segmented worms                                 b. Flatworms
                            c. Mollusks                                               d. Roundworms
                            e. Whatever it is, I don't want to attend a membership meeting

                     9. Which should have 2 cell layers with a jellyish layer between?
_______              a. Insect & spider                                 b. Flatworm & roundworm
                            c. Sponge & hydra                               d. Snail and earthworm
                                                        e. PB&J sandwich

                    10. Which vertebrate (Chordate) group has the most species?
_______              a. Beetles                     b. Bony fish                     c. Birds
                            d. Roundworms                     e. The biggest one

                    11. Which are amphibians?
_______              a. Salamanders & frogs                             b. Toads & turtles
                            c. Salamanders & lizards                           d. Frogs & snakes
                            e. Isn't that someone who can be both right- and left-handed -?

                    12. Some of the Cnidarian subgroups are "big" versions of the two 
                                    alternation of generation body types...
_______              a. Corals & hydras                                     b. Snails & slugs
                            c. Flukes & tapeworms                              d. Sea anemones & jellyfish
                                     e. Could the question be any more confusing -?

SHORT ANSWER.  

Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

1. What are two "advanced" social behaviors found in ants?

2. Give two examples, each from totally different phyla, of animals that go through metamorphosis.

3. Tapeworms, as adults, rarely produce very serious symptoms in the host. What are two features of adult tapeworms that keep them from being very dangerous?

4. What is the great evolutionary advantage that comes from having body cavities?

5. Cephalization is virtually always linked to what general type of body layout?

6. Give two sets of differences between the structures of the nerve cords in most -

7. What are two different types of structures used by amphibians to get oxygen from the environment?

8. What does sessile mean?

9. Give the defining set of differences between:

10. Give two different reasons why a species might go through alternation of generations.

11. What are two of the major subgroups of the reptiles?

12. What is the evolutionary advantage to a one-way tube digestive system? Be somewhat specific.

13. What are two advantages that exoskeletons have over endoskeletons?

14. Briefly explain what is meant if a species is described as free-living.

15. What is the main reason why land animals such as insects, spiders, reptiles, and birds produce wastes in the form of uric acid?

LONG ANSWER.

Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

1. What are four basic characteristics generally found in all animals?

2. For the types listed below, give three sets of differences and one example of an animal from that type: (Don't give the same features twice under different names)

3. List eight different general subgroups from the Arthropods.

4. For the three major subgroups of the mollusks, tell each subgroup and then describe how the mollusk foot is modified in that particular subgroup:

5. For four traits particular to birds as a group, name the trait and explain how that trait contributes to their ability to fly.

6. Pick four different nematodes (roundworms) that live inside other animals. Give the names in one column and one unusual fact about that type of roundworm in the other.

ANSWER KEY

BONUS QUESTIONS. 

Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on these answers.

Sponges are often classified in their own Kingdom. What is it about their ancestry that makes this a reasonable idea? Three Points.

What is the significance of the trochophore larva? Three Points.

Trematodes virtually always use which type of intermediate hosts? Three Points.

There are several sorts of "shapes" (not the symmetry types) that show up in various unrelated animal groups. For Three Points each, describe the common shapes. They can be described by giving a typical example of an animal with the shape.

How do squids typically communicate with each other? Three Points.

Which plant group was tied to open water for reproduction the way that amphibians are? Three Points.

Pick any Kingdom or Phylum-Level Group (nothing smaller) that you believe could be considered the "most successful" group; name the group and give a reason why that group is more successful than the others. Four Points.

There were two groups that we either skipped or didn't get to this last section - for Three Points Each, what were they?